THE SKELETON. 



33 



In examining the structure of the foot of man (Fig. 1), it 

 is observed upon the inner portion (I.) that the bones of the 

 first, second, and third toes (1, 2, 3) articulate with their 

 metatarsal elements (m 1 , m 2 , m 3 ) and each of these with their 



Fio. 2. 



ro 2 



PLAN OF CONSTRUCTION OF FOOT OF MAN. 

 I. p l , p' 2 , p 3 , of each series marked 1, 2, 

 3, phalanges, m 1 , first metatarsal ; m 2 , 

 second metatarsal ; m 8 , third metatarsal 

 bone. cn l , first cuneiform ; en 2 , second 

 cuneiform ; cn s , third cuneiform bone, s, 

 scaphoid bone, a, astragalus. II. p 1 , p 2 , p 3 

 of each series marked 4, 5, phalanges, m 4 , 

 fourth met atarsal ; m 5 , fifth metatarsal bone, 

 cb, cuboid bone, cl, calcaneum. 



PLAN OF CONSTRUCTION OF* 

 FOOT OP HORSE. I. p 1 , p 2 , p s , 

 phalanges of series marked 3. 

 m 2 , second metatarsal ; m 3 , third 

 met atarsal. en 2 , second cunei- 

 form ; en 3 , third cuneiform bone, 

 s. scaphoid bone, a, astragalus. 

 II. m 4 , fourth metal arsal bone, 

 cb, cuboid, cl, calcaneum. 



The line * in each cut indicates an axis of bones constantly present in the 

 foot of every mammal. 



speaking of a foot of a mammal, therefore, reference is made to the posterior- 

 extremity only. The plan of construction of the hand the analogous group, 

 of bones in the anterior extremity is, however, essentially the same. 



3 



