LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



XV 



PLATE 46. 

 PLATE 47. 



FIG. 28. 

 PLATE 48. 

 PLATE 49. 

 PLATE 50. 

 PLATE 51. 

 PLATE 52. 

 PLATE 53. 



PLATE 54. 



PLATE 55. 



PLATE 56. 



FIG. 29. 



PLATE 57. 

 PLATE 58. 

 PLATE 59. 



FIG. 30. 

 PLATE 60. 



PLATE 61. 

 PLATE 62. 



PLATE 63. 



PLATE 64. 



FIG. 31. 



PLATE 65. 



FIG. 32. 

 FIG. 33. 



PLATE 66. 

 PLATE 67. 

 PLATE 68. 



FIG. 34. 



FIG. 35. 



FIG. 36. 

 PLATE 69. 



PLATE 70. 



Fossil skeleton of Phenacodus primcevus . . . Following 

 Changes in foot-structure and teeth in fossil and recent species of 



the horse family Following 



Map of southeastern Asia, the East Indies, and Australia . 

 A. Bluefish. B, Sand flounder ..... Following 

 B. Quail " 



no 



Cotton-tail " rabbit. 



"5 

 118 



118 

 118 

 118 

 120 



A. Field sparrows. 



Woodcock on nest . 



A. Nighthawk. B. Humming-bird's nest 



Tree lizards on oak bark 



Protectively colored mammals. A. 



B. Thirteen-striped spermophile .... Following 120 

 A. Cony (Otochona) among rocks. B. Moth on bark " 120 

 Protectively colored woods-moths. (In color) . . " 120 

 Protectively colored caterpillars. (In color) . u 120 

 A straw-colored spider ( Tetragnatha grallator ) in its accustomed 



position on a blade of dead grass 120 



Snow grouse in winter, spring, summer, and fall plumage 



Following 1 20 

 Grass porgy, showing changes in color occurring in a few 



moments ........ Following 120 



Color adaptation in pupae of Pieris rapes and Vanessa urticce. 



(In color) Following 120 



Twig-like caterpillar of the moth Selenia tetralunaria . . .122 

 Caterpillar of the moth Catocala amatri.r, on a poplar twig . 



Following 1 22 



A. " Walking sticks " on a twig. B. "Moss insect" . " 122 



Leaf insects. A. Locust (Cycloptera). B. Mantis (PhylUuni) 



C. Longicorn beetle (Mormolyce) .... Following 122 

 Logoa opercularis and L, crispata, adults, larvae, and cocoons 



Following 122 



Spiders whose color and shape render them difficult to see " 1 24 



A crab (Cryptolithodes sitchensis*) which resembles a pebble . 124 

 Sargassum fish (Pterophryne histrio) in a tuft of floating seaweed 



(In color) Following 124 



A " sea-horse " {Hippocampus} 124 



Tree-frogs whose backs resemble oak leaves in color and color 



pattern 125 



A. Tree-frog on bark. B. Common toads . . Following 126 



Weasels in winter and in summer pelage ... " 126 



A. Tiger. B. Jaguar u 126 



Polar bear 126 



Arctic fox, in winter and in summer pelage 127 



A mantis (Hymenopus) which resembles an orchid blossom . 128 

 Warning form and coloration in: A. Two bugs (Prionotus and 



Euchistus) . B. Lady-beetles. C. Colorado potato beetle . 



Following 130 

 Warning coloration and mimicry in moths. (In color) 132 



