XVI 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PLATE 71. Inedible caterpillars, showing warning coloration. (In color) 



Following 132 

 PLATE 72. A. Gila monster (Heloderma) . B. Species of skunks belonging 



to the sub-genus Chincha ..... Following 132 

 FIG. 37. Salamander (Salamandra maculosa) . . . . . 133 



PLATE 73. Inedible curculios and lady-beetles imitated by edible longicorn 



beetles and grasshoppers Following 134 



PLATE 74. Several species of flies and the bees and wasps which they 



imitate Following 134 



PLATE 75. A. Aggressive coloration in a spider (Misumena vatia). 

 B and C. " Tree-hoppers " which imitate leaf-cutting ants 

 with their bits of leaves. (In color) . . . Following 136 



FIG. 38. A spider which imitates an ant 137 



FIG. 39. Spiders which mimic ants 138 



PLATE 76. Mimicry, and convergence in warning coloration, among butter- 

 flies. (In color) Following 138 



PLATE 77. Convergence in warning coloration, and mimicry among butterflies. 



(In color) Following 138 



PLATE 78. Caterpillars which assume "terrifying attitudes" when startled. 



(In color) Following 138 



FIG. 40. Caterpillar of the large elephant hawk-moth .... 140 

 FIG. 41. A moth (Smerinthus ocellatd) in " terrifying attitude " . . 142 



PLATE 79. Mimicry in snakes Following 142 



FIG. 42. A moth from India {Attaciis atlas) at the tips of whose wings 



are markings resembling those upon the head of a cobra . 143 

 PLATE 80. A " honey-sucker " or " friar-bird " which is imitated by an oriole 



Following 144 



FIG. 43. " Cottontail " rabbit, showing white patch under tail . . . 146 

 PLATE 81. Antelope showing " danger signal 1 ' . . . .Following 146 

 PLATE 82. "Recognition marks" in: A. Kill-deer or ring-necked plover. 



B. Nighthawk Following 146 



PLATE 83. Confusing coloration in butterflies, moths, and grasshoppers. (In 



color) Following 146 



PLATE 84. Sexual coloration and mimicry in butterflies and moths. (In 



color) Following 150 



PLATE 85. Sexual coloration and protective coloration in spiders. (In color) 



Following 150 

 PLATE 86. Diagrams of various flowers to show the arrangement of their 



parts Following 152 



FIG. 44. Fertilization in the rock-rose (Helianthemwn marifolium) . .152 

 PLATE 87. Plants whose pollen is carried by wind. A. New Jersey scrub 



pine. B. Fescue-grass Following 152 



FIG. 45. A bee, showing hairs on the head, body, and legs to which pollen 



grains are clinging . . . . . . . .154 



PLATE 88. Partridge-berry (Mitchelld) Following 156 



PLATE 89. The fertilization of an orchid by a wasp ... " 156 



PLATE 90. Flowers of Aristolochia sipho and Orchis militaris . " 156 



