74 BIOLOGY AND THE STATE II 



of time these discoveries shall be made for us 

 in the laboratories of Germany, France, or Eussia. 



It should further be pointed out that it is altogether 

 a mistake to suppose that the existence amongst us of 

 a few very eminent men is any evidence that we are 

 contributing largely to the hard work of careful study 

 and observation which really forms the material upon 

 which the conclusions of eminent discoverers are based. 

 You wdll find in every department of biological 

 knowledge that the hard work of investigation is 

 being carried on by the well-trained army of German 

 observers. Whether you ask the zoologist, the 

 botanist, the physiologist, or the anthropologist, you 

 will get the same answer : it is to German sources 

 that he looks for new information ; it is in German 

 workshops that discoveries, each small in itself, but 

 gradually leading up to great conclusions, are daily 

 being made. To a very large extent the business of 

 those who are occupied with teaching or applying 

 biological science in this country consists in making 

 known what has been done in German laboratories ; 

 our English students flock to Germany to learn the 

 methods of scientific research ; and to such a state of 

 weakness is English science reduced for want of proper 

 nurture and support, that even on some of the rare 

 occasions when a capable investigator of biological 

 problems has been required for the public service, it 

 has been necessary to obtain the assistance of a 

 foreigner trained in the laboratories of Germany. 

 (See Appendix B.) 



Let me now briefly explain what are the arrange- 



