116 BIOLOGY AND THE STATE 11 



possibly be able to, and probably will, give a larger 

 amount of time than heretofore to the making of new 

 knowledge instead of to the drudgery of journalism, 

 popular lecturing, and cram-book writing. On the 

 other hand, inadequate endowment of these colleges, 

 or the granting to them of a small annual sum for 

 general purposes not specified, will not necessarily 

 have any result of the kind. The recent grant by 

 the Government to university colleges of sums rang- 

 ing from £500 to £2000 a year cannot be regarded 

 as an endowment of research. In most cases the 

 extremely meagre sum thus provided will be absorbed 

 in general expenses of building and management con- 

 nected with teaching. In other cases it will be 

 wasted {i.e. returned to the giver — the tax-payer) by 

 applying it to the reduction of pupil's fees. It is 

 doubtful whether any college will have the courage 

 to apply it deliberately to the payment of a professor 

 or his assistant, so as to procure the production of 

 new knowledge, or what is sometimes called " original 

 research." 



Since the date of my Southport address, University 

 College has received a munificent bequest from one 

 of its former professors, the late Mr. Eichard Quain. 

 Endowments of £300 a year have been assigned from 

 this fund to the professorships of Botany, Physics, 

 and English. It is doubtful whether these stipends 

 should be considered as designed to enable the pro- 

 fessor to devote his time to original researches, or as 

 part payment for his labours in teaching. It is un- 

 fortunately not customary to distinguish the two 



