IX THE HISTORY AND SCOPE OF ZOOLOGY 323 



(e) Ore antico ; corpore pedato : Aphrodita^ 



Nereis. 

 (/) Ore infero central! : Medusa^ Asteria, 



Echinus. 



Order 3. Testacea. 



Genera : (a) Multivalvia : Chiton, Lepas, Pholas, 



(h) Bivalvia ( = Conchce) : 2Iya, Solen, Tellina, 



Cardium, Macfra, Donax, Venus, Spon- 



dylus, Chama, Arxa, street, Anomia, 



Mytilus, Pinna. 



(c) Univalvia spira regular! ( = Cochlece) : Argo- 



nauta. Nautilus, Conus, Cyprcea, Bulla, 

 Voluta, Buccinum, Strombus, Murex, Tro- 

 chtcs, Turbo, Helix, Nerita, Haliotis. 



(d) Un!valv!a absque sp!ra regular! : Patella, 



Dentalium, Serpula, Teredo, Sabella. 

 „ 4. Lithophyta. 



Genera : Tuhipora, Madrepora, Millepora, Celle- 

 2Mra. 

 „ 5. Zoophyta. 



Genera : («) Flxata : Isis, Gorgonia, Alcyonium, 

 Spongia, Flustra, Tubular ia, Corallina, 

 Sertularia, Vorticella. 

 (b) Loeomotiva : Hydra, Pennatula, Tcenia, 

 Volvox, Furia, Chaos. 



The characters of the six classes are thus given by 

 Linnaeus : — 



Cor biloculare, blauritum ; ) viviparls, Mammalibus ; 



Sangu!ne calldo, rubro : j oviparis, Avibus. 

 Cor umlocularej umauritum ; ^ ) pulmone arbltrario, Amphibiis ; 



Sanguine fr!g!do, rubro : / branches externls, Piscibus. 

 Cor unlloculare, !nauritum ; ) antennatis, Insectis ; 



Sanie frlgida, alb!da : J tentaculat!s, Vermibus. 



1 The anatomical error in reference to the auricles of Reptiles and 

 Batrachians on the part of Linnaeus is extremely interesting, since it 

 shows to what an extent the most patent facts may escape the observa- 

 tion of even the greatest observers, and what an amount of repeated 

 dissection and unprejudiced attention has been necessary before the 

 structure of the commonest animals has become kno^vn. 



