CH. IX] OBJECTIONS TO THE HYPOTHESIS 91 



(k) Why are the endemics still less numerous in proportion 

 on the islands surrounding New Zealand than on New Zealand 

 itself, and the wides more numerous? (N.Z. Wides/Endemics 

 301/902, Kermadecs 45/25, Chathams 69/76, Aucklands 27/72.) 

 (Z) Why do the endemics of both northern and southern inva- 

 sions of New Zealand taper down in number with the wides, but 

 much more rapidly, so that in the case of the southern forms 

 they are actually less numerous than the wides in some zones? 

 (m) Why, if endemics are being driven in by the wides, do 

 their areas almost invariably overlap and why are there prac- 

 tically no broken areas among them? 



{n) Why do the Ceylon-Peninsular-Indian species show a 

 range on the average intermediate between the Ceylon endemics 

 and the Avides? 



(o) Why are the species endemic to New Zealand and the 

 islands so common in New Zealand, more so than the average of 

 the wides in that country (129, p. 331), and why are the wides 

 that also reach the islands yet more common again? 



(p) Why do endemics on the average occupy so much larger 

 an area in New Zealand than in Ceylon, even proportionately 

 to the size of the country (127. p. 454)? 



iq) Why do fern endemics, which must on the average be 

 older, show greater distribution areas than angiosperm endemics 

 (130, p. 340)? 



(r) If the wides are the younger, there is no reason Avhy they 



should be specially closely related to the endemics, and Avhy 



should they sliow the same arithmetical relationships throughout? 



(s) Why do endemics and Avides, in the majority of cases, 



belong to the same genera? 



(t) Why are the endemics so often on mountain-tops and Avhy 

 do separate species of endemics occur for different mountains 

 near together (121, p. 132)? 



(w) Why do the endemics belong principally to Avidely spread 

 and successful genera, and this even more on \'ery isolated islands 

 like the Chathams? The Chatham endemics belong to Geranium, 

 Acijjhylla, Pseudopanox, Corokia, Coprosma, Olearia, Cotula, 

 Scnccio. Sonc.hufi, Cyaihodes, Myrsine, Gentiana, Veronica, Carex, 

 Poa, Festuca. The Auckland endemics belong to Ranunculus, 

 Stellaria, Colohantlms, Geuni, Azorella, Ligudicum, Coprosma, 

 Olearia, Cchnisia, Cotula, Abrotanella, Gentiana, Veronica, Plan- 

 tago, Urtica, Bulbinella, Hierochloe, Deschampsia, Poa. 



(f ) ^Vhy does the maximum of the Avides, in Ceylon, Ncaa' 



