RIGHT FEEDING 21 



proportions. For instance, you hear a feeder say of a certain feed that 

 it is "strong in protein" but lacks mineral; or that it is rich in fat, but 

 lacking carbohydrates (starch and sugar). 



ALL ARE Again: Any food containing one or more of these elements, 

 NEEDED but not all, must be combined with other food of a kind 

 to make up the missing element or elements. For in the 

 sum total of feed all of these elements must be included. 



NONE MUST Lastly: To be economical, the feed must be so combined 

 BE WASTED that the animal gets the different elements in the right 

 proportion. Starvation in one element means a craving. 

 The animal tries to meet this by eating more heartily. Bulk of other 

 elements will not satisfy this aching void; and thus there is a waste of 

 feed, waste of energy, and loss of production, all from this one lack of some 

 necessary element. 



NATURE Now it's just as well to remind ourselves at the start 



WASTEFUL that in the old days when animals were kept under more 

 natural conditions with plenty of pasture, each could pretty 

 well select for itself what it needed to keep up the chemical balance of 

 nutritive elements. Appetite, craving, was Nature's guide; and with rich 

 pasture the animal could crop here and there until every essential was 

 provided. Plainly no stockman of this day can afford to turn his animals 

 loose on rich, virgin pastures; and when not given this wide natural choice 

 the feeder of the animals must be science-wise to make up the propel 

 selection for them. 



SCIENCE IS Guess we all agree in these few statements, and won't 

 FRUGAL make any holler about this modern idea of scientific feed- 



ing. It isn't a complicated new-fangled notion; but horse 

 sense, cow sense, sheep sense, hog sense all put into man's brain so he 

 can use plain common sense and feed his animals (1) according to their 

 need and (2) what he expects to get out of them (3) with no useless 

 waste of these elements. 



SIMPLER Science has simplified, not complicated things. It has given 

 TO DO us rules by which we can go straight ahead and get the big- 



gest gains without unnecessary waste in the actual food con- 

 sumption. Another thing, this modern science has proved how necessary 

 it is to fit each ration to the individual, and not try to establish a standard 

 for a whole class of animals. 



GETTING FOOD It isn't we know it isn't the food in its crude 



VALUE FROM FEED state that gives nourishment to an animal; but 

 the soluble, digestible nutrients contained in the 

 crude material. In other words: 



The actual nourishment has to be in solution. 



Water must therefore be supplied the animal in sufficient quantity to 

 put the various digestible nutrients of the food in solution. 



WHAT THEY DO The digestible nutrients we carefully named above 

 and now we will trace each and see what becomes 

 of it, as follows: 



