12 CONKEY'S STOCK BOOK 



ceilings and walls. It will make the stable more cheerful, intensify the 



light, and be more sanitary in many ways. 



HOW TO When you disinfect, see that you disinfect. Here's how we 

 DISINFECT do it: Remove first all dried accumulations about the 

 mangers, floors and drains. Then sprinkle disinfectant. 

 Don't wash before sprinkling disinfectant for the water will carry the 

 germs into the cracks. Disinfect first. Use a good article, and a cheap 

 good one, because you must be willing to put on enough. Many places 

 must be thoroughly saturated in order to get in contact with all the 

 germs. Get into every crack and crevice, go wherever dust goes. Go 

 after the floors and the lower walls with a scrub brush or broom, and 

 use a spray pump on higher places. After disinfecting whitewash (every 

 three months or six months anyway). Germs of many diseases can keep 

 alive for months. 



PULSE To test an animal's normal condition 

 try the pulse. This will show the heart 

 action, which in turn will show the state of the 

 general nervous system. To take the pulse of the 

 cow, stand at the left side of the head and reach 

 over to the left jaw. To take the pulse of the 

 horse feel under the lower jaw where the sub- 

 maxillary artery winds under it. If you stand at 

 the left of the head of the animal and run the 

 fingers along the lower jaw-bone the artery may 

 be felt at the front edge of the large muscle at 

 the side of the jaw. In dog or sheep the pulse is 

 taken from the femoral artery on the inside of the hind leg. 



Note that in health the pulse is full, round and even. It varies in 

 different animals: 



Horse 30 to 40 beats per minute 



Cow 35 to 42 beats per minute 



Sheep 70 to 80 beats per minute 



Dog , 70 to 90 beats per minute 



In young animals the pulse is always greater. Also it is greater of 

 course under action or excitement. The pulse varies in quality, is hard 

 where the artery is full and stands out under pressure; quick, where the 

 beat comes spasmodically, though the number of beats per minute may be 

 no greater; slow, where the beats come up fully; soft, where the artery is 

 not full and hard; irregular when uneven beats; intermittent, where some 

 beats are entirely dropped. 



Pulse is an indicator of health condition, but only experience can teach 

 the meaning of different degrees in force and fulness, as well as differences 

 in frequency of beats. A veterinarian grows accustomed to these differ- 

 ences, and can tell at once the probable nature of the ailment. Generally 

 speaking, in a sick animal a quick pulse indicates fever; a slow, weak pulse, 

 debility; a hard, jumping pulse, inflammation. In disease of the heart the 

 pulse is irregular, or intermittent. A slow, full pulse may indicate brain 

 disease. 



TEMPERATURE Temperature tests are important, and it is surprising 

 how few stock owners keep on hand a self-registering 



clinical thermometer, as its use is one of the best and easiest means of 

 diaenosine trouble. The thermometer should be shaken down before using 



