138 CONKEY'S STOCK BOOK 



GALLOWAY The Galloway is also hornless like the Angus. Also like 

 the good Scotch breed they are famed for excellent beef, 

 and for good Scotch hardiness on range with considering rustling ability. 

 In size it is even smaller than the Angus. Galloways likewise have remark- 

 able vigor in breeding, and Galloway bulls can be relied on for 95% to full 

 100% transmission of type. This is so, even when crossed with common 

 cattle, even those that are horned or indifferent in the matter of color. In 

 time past the Galloway has been criticised for flatness of rib, that is, lack 

 of spring to the barrel. Another criticism was a lack of readiness to 

 respond at once to generous keep. These faults have been very much 

 reduced the past quarter century by careful breeding, so that the Galloway 

 now takes high rank unchallenged. It is true they are still slow to mature, 

 and slow to fatten, and still a little flat in the rib. But their bodies are 

 long, close to the ground, and they have good rumps and hindquarters. 

 This breed is hornless, not even having any marks or "scurs," as the 

 Scotchmen call them. The head is rather more flat than peaked, and the 



Devon Sussex . Galloway 



ears are well back and point straight up. The most noticeable point in 

 appearance is the beautiful long, wavy black hair, which makes the char- 

 acteristic and valuable Galloway hide. Black has been thought to show 

 greater hardiness in the breed, and breeders have tried to fix this black 

 color in the Galloway. White is now considered a disqualification, though 

 brown or reddish tint in the hair is thought rather favorable; in fact, is 

 considered a mark of pure blood. Galloway hides are popular as they 

 deserve, and expensive as they are popular. Some even compare them 

 favorably with the famous buffalo, for use in robes, rugs, etc. As said 

 above, the breed is not over strong in milking, but Galloway cows can 

 usually take care of their own calves. The best known herds are now in 

 Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa and Minnesota. The breed came to us 

 originally over the northern frontier in Michigan (1870) through Scotch 

 settlers in Canada. 



DEVON The Devon breed, while one of the earliest brought to this 

 country, since we find them in the old colonies, have never 

 reached the popularity they deserve as beef animals. Maybe this is because 

 they do not come up to modern weights for beef cattle, and are not so easy 

 to fatten. They certainly make good beef, what there is of it. The slim 

 and beautiful horns of the bright red Devon cow (often she is called 

 "Ruby") are fine in the landscape, but as said before, buyers of beef are 

 always influenced against horned cattle. The Devon has a good record as 

 a milker, for which compare page under Dual-Purpose. 



RED POLL The Red Poll (crossed to some extent with Shorthorns and 



West Highland cattle) was introduced in the United States 



from the east coast of England in 1879, and is very useful for grading 



native stock for better beef type. In size Red Polls are smaller than 



