THE HISTORY AND CULTIVATION OF THE ROSE. 35 



cultivation of the Rose. For this some recommend 

 autumn and others spring, but perhaps the season at 

 which it is performed is of less importance than the treat- 

 ment the plants receive after transplanted. It should 

 certainly be done wJien the ground is in a good state so 

 that they plant well. The next point is to secure them 

 from the action of the wind, which is usually done by 

 means of stakes or iron rods. The whole surface of the 

 beds or a yard square where single plants are placed 

 should then be covered with stable manure, over which a 

 slight covering of mould may be placed for the sake of 

 neatness. In the event of a few dry days happening con- 

 secutively, either in spring or summer, a supply of water 

 should be given. By a little additional care at this era in 

 a plant's history whether it be a young plant from the 

 nursery or an old one removed from one part of the garden 

 to another it is probable that a perfect flowering will be 

 procured the first season after removal ; this is certain, the 

 plant will become more fully established, forming shoots 

 capable of producing abundance of vigorous blossoms in 

 after years. 



Manuring is an important point in cultivation ; Roses 

 delight in a rich soil. Manuring once a year, and this 

 during winter if the manure is applied in a solid state, 

 is not too often. Liquid manure, in not too concentrated 

 a form, is excellent for Roses, but I almost hesitate to re- 

 commend the use of it on account of the additional labour 

 it imposes. If, however, a few favourites are treated with 

 it, it should be applied early in spring, so soon as the first 

 leaves appear, and for the Autumnals it should be repeated 

 immediately after the first flowering is over. For Pot- 

 Roses it is indispensable, and should be given at intervals 

 as the soil becomes dry. Though I am not over fond of the 

 use of artificial manures, still I think guano excellent for 

 making liquid manure, as it can be made with more certainty 

 as to strength than when made from the ordinary manure 

 heap. For Roses in pots one ounce of guano to one gallon 



