542 LITERATURE OF GARDENING. 



tion with gardeners and lovers of gardening and seems to 

 have scrupulously acknowledged the services of those he 

 borrowed from. 



In 1597 appeared the "Herbal or General History of 

 Plants" by John Gerard, but this work, important and 

 valuable as it was in regard to its influence on gardening, 

 is botanical rather than horticultural. In the same year 

 was published " A New Orchard and Garden " by William 

 Lawson, and with it " The Country Housewife's Garden." 

 These two works are usually found together, and seem to 

 have been written by a man who had a practical know- 

 ledge of his subject. The first is principally occupied with 

 the orchard, the second with herbs, but here he recom- 

 mends two gardens, one for flowers, the other a kitchen 

 garden. Gervase Markham, who wrote in the early part 

 of the seventeenth century, seems to have been an author 

 by profession. His chief works are agricultural rather 

 than horticultural. In " A Way to get Wealth " he has, 

 however, a division "The making of Orchards, planting 

 and grafting, the office of gardening and the ornaments, 

 &c.," but which seems to be the same as Lawson's " New 

 Orchard and Garden" already alluded to. 



John Parkinson published his first book " Paradisi in 

 sole Paradisus terrestris" in 1629. I have read somewhere 

 that he intended the title of this book as a play on his own 

 name Park-in-sun. This work seems to me a new de- 

 parture in the literature of gardening, for it not only 

 recognises and figures the many varieties of flowers which 

 were springing into life under the hands of the cultivator 

 in his time, but it has a good deal to say and says it well 

 on the arrangement of gardens, and on the cultivation 

 and preserving of the plants which they contained. It is 

 the work of a scholar, and one who did not look with 

 indifference or contempt on the practical operations of the 

 art. His "Paradisi" or "Garden of Pleasant Flowers" 

 begins with the Crown Imperial and ends with the grapes. 

 In the large list of flowering plants which he enumerates 



