122 XENOPHON ON HORSEMANSHIP. 



p. 400) ; but shoes were probably known earlier. 

 It is said that one was found in the tomb of King 

 Childeric, who died in 460 a. d. There is a cut of 

 it, taken from Montfaucon, in Ginzrot, ii, tab. 

 86, I. The cut makes it practically identical with 

 the modern shoe ; but Beckmann, in his " History 

 of Inventions," justly doubts the trustworthiness 

 of the picture. 



5. (Page 15.) The Greek word used by Xeno- 

 phon is x€A.i8(oi/, which literally means " swallow ; " 

 and the frog was so named from its resemblance 

 to the forked tail of the bird. In later Greek we 

 find it called jSdrpaxos, "frog" (Geoponics, 16, i, 

 9, from Apsyrtus), and in Latin i^anula, "little 

 frog" (Vegetius, i, 56, 31). The French call it 

 foin'chette ; the Germans Strahl. It will be observed 

 that Xenophon's principle (supported by the other 

 writers) of keeping the frog well up from the 

 ground, and caUing for a high and hollow hoof is 

 not always accepted in modern times. 



6. (Page 15.) This remark, and many of the 

 works of art show that it was not the custom to 

 trim down the fetlocks. In warm climates they do 

 not grow very long, and instead of disfiguring the 

 foot serve rather to set off its contour. 



7. (Page 16.) The Greek word is -rrepovq, which 

 has given much trouble to translators and com- 

 mentators. It means literally the pin of a brooch, 



