124 XENOPHON ON HORSEMANSHIP. 



School, to whom I submitted my opinion. After 

 reaching it, I found that the same translation of 

 the word was used by Stonehenge (see p. 89). 



8. (Page 16) I have used the word " forearms " 

 for greater clearness. Xenophon calls them 

 thighs (^i7pot), applying the same word to the 

 fore as later to the hind legs. No special horse 

 dialect had yet developed ; but the same words, so 

 far as possible, were used of horses as of men. 



9. (Page 16.) The lean, dry head with small 

 bones, was esteemed the most beautiful ; and this 

 point is insisted upon by all the ancient writers 

 except Nemesian, who says merely that the head 

 should be handsome. 



10. (Page 17.) Xenophon seems to mean the 

 *' bars " here. Their fineness was a thing not to be 

 seen by the eye, but to be discovered by trial in 

 riding, as he says in the third chapter, in his 

 remark about the Volte. 



11. (Page 17.) The reason for this requirement, 

 so well recognized for race-horses, is well stated by 

 Professor Flower in his admirable little book called 

 " The Horse : a Study in Natural History " (p. 142, 

 American edition) : " Owing to the great length of 

 the soft palate and its relation to the upper end of 

 the windpipe, breathing takes place entirely through 

 the nose. When men, dogs, and many other ani- 

 mals, in consequence of any great exertion, begin 



