SOCIAL AND .ESTHETIC VIEW. l5l 



near by, and on entering them have been struck 

 with the ghastly and cadaverous look, and chilled 

 with the agonizing groans of Indians drunk with to- 

 bacco fumes. The same was true of the Marquesas 

 group, of the Hawaiian Islanders, of the Poly- 

 nesians generally, and of all savage tribes, so 

 far as I can learn." 



Of the snuff-taking habits among the Zulus, 

 Rev. Josiah Tyler, who has been a missionary 

 in Africa over thirty years, gives the following 

 account : — 



"The Zulus make their snuff of tobacco, dry 

 aloes, and ashes, grinding it very fine. It is 

 exceedingly pungent, causing tears to flow pro- 

 fusely down their cheeks, which they wipe off 

 with a snuff-spoon made of bone or horn ; this 

 being their only handkerchief. Old and young of 

 both sexes carry snuff-boxes made of small cala- 

 bashes tied to a girdle around the w r aist. Some- 

 times diminutive reeds full of snuff are inserted in 

 holes in their ears. When they meet — after the 

 usual salutation, f I see you, friend' — the snuff is 

 passed round, each one taking a good pinch. It 

 is a nasty habit ; their nostrils, after this operation, 

 being covered with filth ; and it is also injurious 

 to health. 



"Zulu men, especially young men, are be- 

 coming fearfully addicted to smoking; and I 

 perceive, after thirty-two years' observation, that 

 it makes serious inroads on their constitutions. 

 This is one of the unpleasant results of European 



