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THE BONES OF THE PELVIS AKD HIND LIMBS OF MAK 

 AND HORSE ARE COMPARED ; 



{a) Sacrum. > [h] Fibular. 



{b) Ilium. | [*'] Tarsus. 



{c) Isehicum- J Pelvis. [j] Metatarsus. 



(J) Pubis. i ]k] Digit. 



(e) Femur. fl] Phalanx. 



(/) Patetla. [2] Phalanx. 



[g] Tibia. [3J Phalanx. 



IMPORTANT MUSCLES. 



The muscles of the head are not -very numerous. The largest 

 superficial muscle is the masseter [a], its action is to close the mouth. 

 The temporal muscle [b], is employed in alternately raising and depres- 

 sing the under jaw. The orbicularis [c], the levator ]d] , the orbicularis 

 oris [<?], the dilator naris lateralis [/], the zygomatieus and the buccina- 

 tor [g], the nasalis labii superioris [h], the depressor labii inferioris [{]. 



Independently of the muscles for supporting the head and neek> 

 there is a very beautiful and simple arrangement, by which those 

 parts are kept in position when the horse is at rest. This consists of a 

 very strong elastic ligament, called, ligamentum nuchae, it arises from 

 the back of the occipital bone, immediately below the crest, in the form 

 of a stout round cord it passes over the atlas, allowing full freedom of 

 motion to the head, and is strongly adherent to the dentata, on which 

 the prmcipal strain from the weight of the head is thrown ; it then 

 passes backward to its attachment on the spinous process of the first 

 dorsal vertebrae. 



