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MUSCLES OF THE HEAD AND NECK. 

 The first muscle of the neck, providing for the lowering and raising 

 of the head is the eomplexus major [j]. Immediately above this is the 

 splenitis [k], which raises the head. Behind the splenitis, and extending 

 along the superior margin of the neck is the levator ahguli scapulae 

 [1], with a reciprocal action on the neck and shoulder, according to 

 whichever is the fixed point at the time. 



Of the muscles in front of the neck, there is first the hyoideus (wz,) 

 attached to the hyoid bone of the tongue, which it retracts. The sterno 

 maxillaris («), is the principal depressor of the head. Beyond the latter 

 and extending from the back of the head and upper part of the neck, 

 along the front of the shoulder to the top of the foreleg, is the levator 

 humeri (o), a long and very important muscle, having a double function 

 to perform, the principal one being the raising of the shoulder, and the 

 other the depressing of the head. 



Of the muscles of the shoulder we may first notice the trapezius (x) 

 its office is to raise and support the shoulder, assisting the serratus 

 major (g). The antea spina tus (b), extends the bone forward, while the 

 postea spina tus (c), draws it outward and raises it. Behind the latter 

 is the teres minor (J), or little pectoral ; it draws the shoulder towards 

 the breast. The pectoral major (pm), is an important muscle and pulls 



