INFLUENCES AFFECTING ANIMAL LIFE. 153 



World of Asia and South Africa by the splendid plumaf^e 

 of the sun-bird and the glossy starling. 



"Within a walk of Bethlehem," says our authority, 

 "the common frog of England, the chameleon, and the 

 African gecko may be found almost in company; and 

 descending to the lower forms of animal life, while the 

 northern valleys are prolific in genera of molluscs common 

 to Europe, the valley of the Jordan presents types of its 

 own, and the hill-country of Judea produces the same type 

 of snails as is found in Egypt and the African Sahara. So in 

 insects : while the familiar forms of the butterflies of Southern 

 Europe are represented on the plain of Sharon, the Apollo 

 butterfly of the Alps is recalled on Mount Olivet by the 

 exquisite Parnassius Apollinus hovering over the same 

 plants as the sparkling Thais and the Libythea, northern 

 representatives of subtropical lepidoptera." 



So great is the influence which the physical character of 

 a country, and its climatic conditions, exercise upon the 

 distribution and development of animal life. 



