LEPIDOPTERA 1121 



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References Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 192. 1872. 



Slingerland, M. V. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 107. 1896. 

 Theobald, F. V. Insect pests of fruits, p. 82. 1909. 



oleigina Fabr., Valeria Fam. Noctuidae 



Hosts Crataegus, Prunus. 



Injury Larva feeds on foliage at night. 



Distribution Southern Europe, Asia Minor. 



Reference Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 1 : 185. 1908. 



oreasella Clem., Argyresthia Fam. Yponomeutidae 



(See page 1078.) 



oxyacanthae Frey, Lithocolletis Fam. Gracilariidae 



Host Crataegus oxyacantha. 

 Injury Larva mines in under side of leaf. 

 Distribution Europe. 



References Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 211. 1872. 

 Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2 : 415. 1910. 



oxyacanthae Linn., Miselia Fam. Noctuidae 



Host Crataegus oxyacantha. 



Injury Larva eats foliage at night. 



Distribution Europe, Asia Minor. 



References Bechstein, J. M., and Scharfenberg, G. L. Naturgeschichte der. schad- 



lichen Forstinsekten, p. 504. 1805. 

 Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 1 : 204. 1908. 



oxyacanthella Stt., Nepticula Fam. Nepticulidae 



Hosts Crataegus oxyacantha, Mains malus, Sorbus. 

 Injury Larva mines in leaf on upper side. 

 Distribution Europe. 



References Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 199. 1872. 

 Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:474. 1910. 



padellus Linn., Yponomeuta (Hawthorn ermine moth) .Fam. Yponomeutidae 



Synonym Hyponomeuta padella Linn. 



Hosts Crataegus, Prunus, Vitis. 



Injury Larvae mine in leaves while young, then skeletonize leaves while living 



colonially in tents. 



Distribution Europe, North America (recently imported). 

 References Theobald, F. V. Insect pests of fruits, p. 86. 1909. 



Parrott, P. J. Journ. econ. ent. 1 1 :55. 1918. 



i 



pariana Clerck., Simaethis Fam. Glyphipterygidae 



Hosts Malus, Sorbus, Crataegus, Betula, Prunus. 

 Injury Larva makes a slight web over the leaf, then skeletonizes it. 

 Distribution Europe, Asia Minor, North America (recently imported). 

 References Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2:297. 1910. 



Felt, E. P. New York State Mus. Bui. 202:33. 1917. 



pedaria Fabr., Phigalia Fam. Geometridae 



Hosts Pyrus, Quercus, Betula, Prunus, Crataegus, and other species. 

 Injury Larva eats foliage. 

 Distribution Europe, Asia. 



References Kaltenbach, J. H. Pflanzenfeinde, p. 164. 1872. 

 Spuler, A. Schmetterlinge Europas, 2: 100. 1910. 



