146 INSECT MANUFACTURES. 



under the name of yerli, and are called in com- 

 merce black galls, and green galls. Those which 

 have escaped the first search, and which are 

 gathered a little later, are named white galls, and 

 are of a very inferior quality. 



The galls from Mossoul and Tocat, and in 

 general those which come from the eastern part of 

 Turkey, are less valued than those from the 

 neighbourhood of Aleppo, of Smyrna, Magnesia, 

 Diarbekir, and all the interior of Natolia. 



The acorns of this oak are nearly always neg- 

 lected ; being left as pasturage for goats and 

 wild boars : this it is thought contributes much to 

 render the oak small and stunted, because in de- 

 vouring the fruit, these animals also consume a 

 part of its foliage and young branches. 



The body of the insect which produces the gall- 

 nut, is of a fawn colour, with obscure antennae ; 

 the abdomen is shining brown. It is sometimes 

 found in its perfect form in the interior of the 

 nut. 



On the same oak are frequently found a great 

 number of other galls, which are not gathered, 



