II. PARTICULARS OF THE FARMS ON WHICH THE INVESTIGATION 



WAS MADE. 



The number of farms and town dairies on which the costs were recorded is as follows : 



Town Dairies. Suburban Farms. Country Farms 



England and Wales (Northern Division) ... 

 (Southern ) ... 

 Scotland 



Totals 



44 

 65 

 42 



151 



The milk was produced on commercial lines and tJae farms may be regarded as fairly 

 representative of the various districts. It has not been practicable to report separately on the 

 costs of Town Dairies at this stage, but it is hoped to do so in a further Report. 



More than half of the farms may be described as " Dairy Farms," dairying being the 

 sole or chief department. The following summary shows the general classification : 



In England and Wales (Northern Division) there were 23 tenant farmers and 23 owner- 

 occupiers ; in England and Wales (Southern Division) 47 tenant farmers and 19 owner- 

 occupiers (including 4 Home-farms) ; in Scotland 52 tenant farmers and 1 owner-occupier ; 

 Uie totals for Great Britain being 122 tenant farmers and 43 owner-occupiers. 



The average acreage of the farms (excluding Town Dairies) is as follows : 



It will be noted that in Scotland the acreage of pasture as compared with England and 

 Wales is very much smaller, while the proportion of arable land is much greater, but to avoid 

 misunderstanding it should be borne in mind that a considerable proportion of the land 

 classed as arable would in the ordinary course of rotation be under temporary grass. In 

 Scotland the number of cows kept per farm was 37'8 as against 33'3 in the Northern district 

 of England and Wales and 35'68 in the Southern district of England and Wales, whilst 

 cheaper milk was produced. 



Six of the farms in England and Wales produced Grade " A " milk. 



Milk records are kept on 18 of the farms in England and Wales (Northern Division) : on 

 34 farms in England and Wales (Southern Division) ; and on 20 of the Scottish farms. 



On a large majority of the farms in England and Wales male hired labour was mainly 

 employed, with a comparatively small amount of female and household labour. 



In two of the Scottish districts female labour was largely used and much work was done 

 also by household labour. In three other districts similar conditions prevailed but with less 

 female and household labour, and in the remaining Scottish districts the work was mostly 

 done by contract, female labour being largely used. 



The Costings Officers report that on a large majority of the farms the buildings were 

 comparatively good and more suitable and convenient for dairying than the average farm 

 buildings. 



The conditions as to handling and cleanliness of the milk were in a large majority of 

 cases reported to be comparatively good. 



