THE ADRENAL BODIES 205 



Barker recommends the following formula : 



Distilled water . . . . . . . . . . 100 c.c. 



0-eucaine . . 0-2 gramme. 



Sodium chloride . . . . . . . . . . 0-8 gramme. 



1 pro mille adrenalin chloride solution . . . . fl^x. 



The actual strength of adrenalin in this solution is one in 

 two hundred thousand (1 : 200,000). On production of local 

 and regional anaesthesia by means of this fluid, Barker has 

 performed the following operations with the most satisfactory 

 results : (1) Amputation through the knee-joint for gangrene 

 of the foot due to diseased arteries and diabetes ; (2) abdominal 

 section and opening of the stomach and jejunum in search of 

 a source of severe bleeding (not found) ; (3) removal of a cyst 

 of the thyroid ; (4) Bassini's radical cure of inguinal hernia ; 

 (5) removal of a silver wire from round the patella. 



Equally favourable results are recorded by other surgeons. 



Local anaesthesia produced by the combined use of adrenalin 

 and cocaine, or /?-eucaine, has also been employed in gynaeco- 

 logical operations besides those involving abdominal section. 

 The method has been found useful in operations for prolapsus 

 uteri and plastic operations on the vagina ; owing to the 

 anaemia produced by these solutions, they were serviceable 

 also in amputation of the cervix. 



Application of Adrenal Preparations to the Conjunctiva and 

 other Mucous Surfaces. Oliver found that a congested and 

 inflamed conjunctiva is at once rendered pallid under the 

 influence of adrenal extract. The use of adrenal derivatives 

 in ophthalmological operations and examinations has been 

 attended with great advances in this department. In various 

 operations on the eye the field of operation may be kept free 

 from blood by the use of adrenalin solution, 1 to 50 drops of a 

 solution of the strength of 1 in 5,000, or 1 in 10,000. Darier 

 recommends the following solution for the purposes of removal 

 of a foreign body from the eye, cauterization, etc. : 10 drops 

 of a solution of adrenalin hydrochloride (1 in 1,000) ; cocaine 

 hydrochloride, 0-1 gramme ; distilled sterilized water, 10 

 grammes. Adrenal extracts whiten the conjunctiva in 

 trachoma, conjunctivitis, keratitis, iritis, and other conditions. 

 An eye with a foreign body on the cornea is whitened. During 

 operations on the ocular muscles, tenotomy, and advancement, 

 the extract whitens the eyeball ; the astringent effect is 



