22 DARWINISM AND KACE PROGRESS. 



longer necked ones, more suited to their environment, 

 would perpetuate their inborn quality of long-necked- 

 ness : of the next generation those again with the 

 longest necks would survive, and so on. The 

 Darwin and Wallace school of thinkers would, I 

 quite believe, be prepared to state that by attention 

 to education it would be possible to improve the 

 mental qualities of the race, but they would teach 

 that this improvement could only take place provided 

 that the system made it possible for the clever man 

 and woman to earn a better livelihood, marry early, 

 and have large families, while the stupid ones should 

 produce fewer children, a condition which at present 

 is far from being the rule. 



Diagram to illustrate: A, the transmission of acquired character* - t 

 B. modification of type by natural selection. ID A. an indi- 

 vidual of rounded proportions, at the top of the diagram, has 

 Cwo children. Environment is represented by a board with- 

 holes through which they must pass. In so doing they become 

 thinner, transmit the thinness to their children, and BO on. In 

 B, a man of rounded proportions has two sons who vary, one 

 being fat, the other thin. The fat son cannot get through the 

 hole in the board ; but the thin one does, has children who 

 again vary, the thin one having an advantage. 



