1 1 6 DAR WIN ISM AND RA CE PRO GRESS, 



the brains of the community must be improved by 

 selection. 



We come here, however, to an outstanding differ- 

 ence between the results of the competition of one 

 animal and another, and with that of one member of 

 a community with another. In the animal world, the 

 sickly, or the feeble, or deficient, have always tended 

 towards destruction, their more capable fellows 

 having as a rule an interest in their destruction. A 

 sickly fowl or pigeon has not only to compete at 

 great disadvantage with its fellows for its food, but 

 it has to face a pitiless instinct which leads the 

 healthy ones to destroy it as soon as its weakness is 

 apparent. In the animal world, competition is to the 

 death ; it is competition without compromise, in 

 which the conqueror alone remains to continue the 

 race. 



But man has become a social animal and lives in 

 communities, and the very existence of a social com- 

 munity implies that the members of it have already 

 acquired a certain regard for the well-being of their 

 fellows, for the end and aim of society even in its 

 most primitive form is advantage to the many. It is 

 true that in a human community everyone does the 

 best for himself, yet even amongst the so-called 

 outcasts of society there are social bonds not to be 

 found in the animal world, which link man to man 

 often with strange tenacity. We regard our own 



