THE LUMBER TRADE JOURNAL 



[New Orleans, La., June 15, 1912. 



KINDS OF WOOD. 

 Common Name. Botanical Name. 



Quantity 



Used annually. 



Feet B. M. Per cent 



Mexican white pine Pinus strombiformis .. 130,000 



Overcup oak Quercus lyrata 108,000 



Red oak Quercus rubra 



Usage orange Toxylon pomiferum ... 



Douglas fir Pseudotsuga taxit'olia. . 



Basswood Tilia americana 



Black willow Sslix nigra 



Black cherry Prunus serotina 



Chestnut Castaaea dentata 



Spanish cedar Cedrela odorata 



Sugar maple Acer saccharum 



Hackberry Oeltis occident3lis 



fjitka spruce Picea sitchensis 



Uarabel oak Quercus gambelii 



Mountain juniper luuiperus sabinoides .. 



One-seed juniper Juniperus monosperma. 



Teak i'ectonia grandis 



Beech Fagus atropunicea 



Western white pine Pinus monticola 



Mesquite Prosopis juMflora 



Red cedar Juniperus virginiana . . 



Mahogany (African) ..Khaya senegaleiisis ... 



Agaritat Berberis trifoliata . 



Alligator juniper Juniperus pachyphoea . . 



American holly Hex opaca 



Anacahuita Cordia boissieri . 



Anaqua Ehretia elliptica . 



Angelica tree Aralia spinosa . 



Bitternut Hicoria minima . 



Black haw Crataegus douglasii . . / 



Black jack Quercus marilandica . . . 



Blue beech Carpinus caroliniana ... 



Blue gum Eucalyptus globulosa ... 



Blue jack Quercus breviloba . 



^iue oak Quercus oblongifolia . . . 



Bluewood (Brazil wood) Condalia obovata 



Box elder Acer negundo 



Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa .... 



Cedar elm Ulmus crassifolia 



Chalky leucaena (mi- 

 mosa) Leucaena pulverulenta.. 



Chinquapin Castauea pumela 



Cholla ^Opuntia fulgada 



Cow oak Quercus Michauxil 



Deciduous holly Ilex decidua 



Devil's Claw Acacia greggii 



Downy basswood Tilia pubescens 



Drooping juniper Juniperus flaccida 



Dwarf sumach Rhus copallina 



Emory oak Quercus emoryi 



Flowering dogwood ...Cornus florida 



Fremont cottonwood . .Populus fremontii 



Frijolito Sophora secundiflora. . . . 



Gambel oak Quercus gambelii 



Green ash Fraxinus lanceolata. . . .. 



Honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos. . .. 



, , onilM'um Ostrya virginiana 



Horsebean Parkinsonia aculeata 



Huisache Acacia f arnesiana 



Ironwood Cyrilla racemiflora 



Kalmia Kalmia latifolia 



Koeberlinia Koeberlinia spinosa 



Lignum vitae Quayacum angustifolium. 



Live oak Quercus virginiana 



Longleaf willow Salix fluvitalis 



Longstalk willow Salix occidentalis long- 



gipes 



Mexican madrona Arbutus xalapensis 



Mexican palmetto Sabal mexicana 



Mexican persimmon . . .Uiospyros texana 



Mexican walnut Juglans rupestris 



Mistletoe (a parasite) <Phoradendron flavescens. 

 Palo bianco Celtis occidentalis reti- 



culata 



Persimmon Diospyros virginiana.... 



Pinon Pinus edulis 



Poison sumach Rhus vernix 



Prickly ash Xanthoxylon clavaher- 



culis 



Prickly pear Opuntia tuna 



Red bay Persea berbonia 



Red maple Acer rubrum 



Red mulberry Morus rubra 



Rocky mountain oak.. Quercus undulata 



Sassafras Sassafras sassafras 



Scarlet haw Crataegus coccinea 



Screwbean Prosopis odorata 



Shittimwood Bumelia lanuginosa 



Silver maple Acer saccharinum 



Slippery elm Ulmus pubescens 



Sophora Sophora affinis 



Spanish bayonet Yucca truculeana 



Spanish oak Quercus digitata 



Sweet magnolia Magnolia glauca 



Sycamore Platanus occidentalis.... 



Texas ebony Zygia flexicaulis 



Texas cat's claw Acacia wrightii 



Tree huckleberry Vaccinium arboreum.... 



Umbrella tree Melia azedarack umbra 



culifera 



105,000 



100,026 



100,000 



62,200 



50,000 



42,400 



40,000 



40,000 



21,0*2 



20,000 



20,000 



15,000 



13,000 



12,000 



8,000 



5,000 



3,500 



3,000 



2,000 



500 



.02 

 .01 

 .01 

 .01 

 .01 



Average 

 cost per 

 1,000 ft. 



48.46 



25.44 



79.38 



93.99 



40.00 



34,69 



10.00 



90.78 



35.00 



31.13 



64.71 



12.50 



60.00 



20.00 



90.00 



90.00 

 220.00 



60.00 



50.00 



16.00 



30.00 

 150.00 



Total cost 



f. o. b. 



factory. 



6,300 



2,747 



8,335 



9,401 



4,000 



2,158 



500 



3,849 



1,400 



1,245 



1,363 



250 



1,200 



300 



1,170 



1,080 



1,760 



300 



175 



48 



60 



75 



Grown 

 in Tex. 



Per ct. 



Grown 



out 

 of Tex. 



Per ct. 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 



100.00 

 3.30 



100.00 

 100.00 



100.00 



96.70 

 100.00 

 100.00 

 100.00 



100.00 



100.00 

 100.00 

 100.00 



100.00 

 100.00 



100.00 

 100.00 

 100.00 



100.00 



One hundred and twenty-nine woods were found 

 in use in Texas for manufacturing purposes. Four 

 were foreign, and all the others grow in the United 

 States, and all but ten in Texas. The State, there- 

 fore, 'has 115 species of trees that are in commercial 

 use. Some are used in a very small way at present, 

 and there are a few others fit for use, but in the 

 course of this investigation they were not found in 

 actual use and for that reason are not included in 

 Table I 



The forty-eight species reported by manufactur- 

 ers follow: 



Basswood. The manufacturers in Texas use little 

 basswood, and none of it is cut in the State, though 

 an occasional tree is found near the eastern border. 

 It is one of the whitest, cleanest woods of the. for- 

 ests, and high price alone stands in the way of its 

 use for boxes in which to ship food products, and 

 for woodenware of many kinds. 



Beech. Although the natural range of beech ex- 

 tends as far west in Texas as the Trinity River, it 

 does not appear that any of this wood reported by 

 wood workers in the State was home grown. An 

 average price of $60 a thousand is unusually high 

 for this wood, for it is not generally expensive. 

 That cost is explained by the fact that the amount 

 used was small, and was of the highest grade. 

 Beech never has "been an important tree in Texas 

 forests, and it is not likely that it ever will be. It 

 grows slowly, demands ideal forest conditions to 

 develop good wood, and the 'best of it is not well 

 liked except for a few purposes. None of that re- 

 ported in Table I grew in Texas. 



Birch. At least three kinds of birch are used in 

 Texas, but only one grows there the river "birch. 

 The yellow and sweet birches come from the north- 

 ern and northeastern States, and are the species gen- 

 erally employed by furniture makers and the manu- 

 facturers of high-class articles of wood. The two go 

 to market as one in the Lake States, though the 

 trees are easy to tell apart as they grow in 

 the woods. River birch has a wider range than the 

 others, but is best developed south and east of the 

 Ohio River. Its wood lacks figure and color, and 

 unless artificially treated it is used only where a 

 very plain material will answer. It takes stain well 

 and may be colored and finished as a satisfactory 

 imitation of mahogany. The tree may be recog- 

 nized along water courses by its rough, ragged bark, 

 which often hangs in shreds and tatters. 



Black Cherry. This tree is scarce in Texas, 

 though it is found in both the eastern parts and in 

 the western mountains. It is small, and only an oc- 

 casional log finds its way to the sawmills. Most 

 of the small quantity used by manufacturers in the 

 State comes from outside regions. The highest de- 

 velopment of the species is found in the mountains 

 of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. 



Black Gum. Sometimes tupelo in Texas is called 

 black gum, and it is probable that some listed in 

 Table I as 'black gum was tupelo. It is certain, 

 however, that the cut of -black gum in the State is 

 considerable. Its 'bark is the roughest and blackest 

 of the gum woods hence, its name, If the bark is 

 considered, there is little likelihood that this tree 

 will be mistaken for any other except persimmon, 

 to which it bears some resemblance. The wood is 

 tough and difficult to split. It has no figure and is 

 one of the plainest woods in the country. It pol- 

 ishes well, and panels made of it bear a little re- 

 semblance to plain maple, or the sapwood of yellow 

 poplar. 



Black Walnut. The natural range of black wal- 

 nut covers northeastern Texas, and a little is cut 

 each year, but the wood is not important as a re- 

 source of the State. Five mills reported it for the 

 census returns of 1910. It is a long-lasting and a 

 beautiful wood, and has been in use in Texas since 

 the earliest settlement. Two hewed beams in the 

 Alamo at San Antonio were found in a sound condi- 

 tion in 1912 when the work of restoring the old 

 building was under way. It could not be ascer- 

 tained with certainty at what date the 'beams were' 

 placed in the walls, but certainly very early, and a 

 service of about 195 years was claimed for them. 

 Decay had produced no visible effect, and a fresh 

 cut in the wood released the characteristic walnut 

 oder. Black walnut is usually regarded as the 

 highest-priced native wood of the United States. 

 The 'best comes from old trees with heartwood solid 

 and black. Young walnut produces little valuable 

 lumber, and for that reason plantations will be a 

 long time in attaining size fitting them for market. 

 When the tree is young most of the trunk is white 

 sapwood, which is undesirable. 



Black Willow. This has not generally been con- 

 sidered other than a minor species in this country, 

 yet in some localities it fills an important place. 

 The amount used in Texas is not very large, but an 

 of it grows in the State. It is a cheap wood, and as 

 it will not pay the freight charges on long ship- 

 ments it is apt to be used in the region where it 

 grows ,or not at all. Wet lands, but not too swampy, 



