Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 2427 



to the species of Xipliidion. (xtffios, the Sapajou, a kind of monkey ; Itfvs, 

 fish; in allusion to the u peculiar monkey-like" physiognomy as seen from 

 the front.) 



2783. CEBEDICHTHYS VIOLACEUS (Ayres). 



Head 6A; depth 6. D.XX1II,41; A. 1, 41. Maxillary extending to or 

 beyond orbit. Dorsal scaly at base; vent nearer snout than base of cau- 

 dal ; pectoral | length of head; nape midway between dorsal and eye. 

 Dull olive grayish, mottled with lighter, sometimes reddish tinged; verti- 

 cal fins all edged with reddish; cheek with 3 darker stripes, edged 

 with paler, 1 downward and backward from the eye, close behind angle 

 of mouth ; another above it to root of pectoral ; another running upward 

 and backward from the eye, and meeting its fellow over the crest. Length 

 30 inches. San Francisco to Point Concepcion; abundant; often brought 

 into the markets, (violaceus, violet.) 



Apodichthys violaceus, GIEABD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1854, 150, San Luis Obispo, Cali- 

 fornia. (Coll. Dr. Keimerly.) 



Gebedichlhys cristagalli, AYRES, Proc. Cal. Ac. Nat. Sci., 1, 1855, 58, San Francisco. 



Oebedichthys violaceus, GIRARD, Pac. JR. R. Surv., x, Fishes, 121, pi. 26, figs. 4and5, 1858; JOR- 

 DAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 774, 1883. 



912. PLAGIOGRAMMUS, Bean. 



Plagiogrammus, BEAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1893, 699 (hopkinsi). 



Body moderately elongate, compressed, covered with very small scales; 

 lateral lines 2, viz, 1 beginning above and slightly in advance of the 

 upper angle of the gill opening and extending along the upper part of 

 the body, but not reaching the tail, and 1 beginning in advance of the end 

 of this and reaching to the caudal ; numerous lateral ridges on the sides, 

 similar to those on Dictyosoma of Teinininck & Schlegel ; a series of sub- 

 peiitagonal plate-like bodies along the abdominal edge on each side be- 

 tween the ventral and the anal. Head moderately long, naked, with 

 pointed snout; mouth oblique and rather large; jaws subequal, or the 

 lower slightly projecting; jaws with strong teeth in broad bands, the iu- 

 terniaxillaries with an outer series of enlarged canine-like teeth ; teeth on 

 vonier and palate ; a pair of large canines near the symphysis in each jaw, 

 the canines of the upper jaw fitting into an interspace behind the niandib- 

 ulary canines. A series of pores on the ramus of the mandibula continu- 

 ing around the preopercular edge; a series of similar pores along the 

 lower margin of the preorbital continued backward and upward toward 

 the nape. Anterior nostril tubular ; posterior without tube. Maxillary 

 broadly expanded posteriorly; lips well developed. Branchiostegals 5; 

 gill membranes partly united, but free from the isthmus behind. Gill 

 rakers minute, tubercular, in moderate number. A single long dorsal fin 

 consisting of spines only, the spines longest in the posterior portion; 

 anal fin lower than the dorsal, but similar in shape. Pectoral large, 

 entirely below median line. Ventrals well developed, in advance of pec- 

 torals; caudal rounded, distinct. Intestinal canal short, with 5 small 

 pyloric ca3ca. (rtkdyios, oblique; ypa/^^'j, line.) 



