Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 2517 



966. BARATHRODEMUS, Goode & Bean. 

 Sarathrodemus, GOODE & BEAN, Bull.Mua. Comp. Zool., x, No. 5, 200, 1883 (manatinus). 



Body brotnliform, much compressed; head compressed; mouth mod- 

 erate. Head unarmed, except for a short flattened spine at upper angle 

 of opercle. Snout long, projecting far beyond premaxillaries, its tip much 

 swollen; jaws .subequal in front. Teeth minute, in villiform bands on 

 jaws, vomer, and palatines. No barbels. Anterior nostrils on the outer 

 angles of the dilated snout, circular, each surrounded by a cluster of 

 mucous tubes. Posterior nostrils above front of eye. Gill openings wide, 

 the membranes not united. Gill rakers rather few. Body and head cov- 

 ered with small, thin, scarcely imbricated scales. Dorsal and anal long. 

 Caudal fin separate, long, and slender. Ventrals close together, far in 

 front of pectorals, each reduced to a single bifid ray. Deep-sea fishes. 

 (fidpaOpor, a gulf or deep abyss; 8f?juo$, people.) 



2889. BARATHRODEMUS MANATINUS, Goode & Bean. 



Head about 6 in total length; depth 7-J. D. 106; A. 86; C. 2 + 5 + 2; P. 

 18 to 20 ; V. 1/1 ; scales about 175. , Body much compressed. Dorsal and 

 anal outline approaching at an equal angle the horizontal axis. Scales 

 small, about 175 rows between the branchial opening and the tail, and 

 about 34 rows, counting upward and forward obliquely from the origin 

 of the anal to the dorsal line; lateral line apparently absent. Head con- 

 siderably compressed, with rounded upper surface, its width contained 

 2^ times in its length, its greatest height equaling its length. Snout 

 slightly longer than the horizontal diameter of the eye, and projecting 

 beyond tip of upper jaw a distance equal to vertical diameter of eye, 

 much dilated and swollen, the anterior pair of nostrils being situated at 

 the most salient angles; snout in general form resembling that of a man- 

 atee, whence the specific name. Mouth moderate, its cleft extending to 

 the vertical from the center of the orbit; length of upper jaw equal to 

 twice horizontal diameter of eye, and contained 2| times in length of 

 head ; posterior portion of maxillary considerably expanded ; maxillary 

 largely included within a skinny sheath ; when the mouth is closed the 

 lower jaw is entirely included within the upper. Vomer and palatine 

 with bands of teeth more than twice as broad as the bands of the inter- 

 maxillaries and on the mandible. Eye elliptical in form, its vertical 

 diameter of its horizontal, the latter being equal to distance from tip of 

 snout to posterior nostril, and contained 5 times in length of head; dis- 

 tance of eye from dorsal outline equal to -- its horizontal diameter, and to 

 | height of head in a perpendicular through center of eye ; interorbital 

 space rounded, its width equal to horizontal diameter of eye. Dorsal fin 

 inserted in the vertical above insertion of pectoral, at a distance from 

 end of snout equal to that of insertion of pectoral ; anal inserted under 

 twenty-first to twenty-third dorsal ray, and at a distance from snout 

 about equal to body length ; height of dorsal and anal fins about equal 

 to % height of body at insertion of anal, their bases extending almost to 

 insertion of caudal; caudal composed of 9 rays, the 5 medial ones almost 



