Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 2057 



structure of the bones of the head. Two species known. (yXwxrot, sculp- 

 tured; K0o:A?), head.) 



a. Pectoral fins very short, not falcate, that of right side about length of head; verte- 

 brae 58. CYNOGLOSSUS, 3027. 



aa. Pectoral fins of colored side falcate, longer than the head ; vertebrae 65. 



ZACHIRUS, 3028. 



3027. GLYPTOCEPIIALUK CYNOGLOSSUS (Linnaeus). 

 (CRAIG FLUKE; POLE FLOUNDER.). 



Head 5 to 5i in l>ody; depth 2^ to 3. I). 101 to 112; A. 87 to 100; scales 

 125; V. 6; highest dorsal and anal rays 2 in head; pectoral a little more 

 than 2; vertebra 58. Body oblong, fusiform ; head small, ovate; the pro- 

 file slightly decurved; mouth very small, with the cleft oblique; teeth on 

 blind side close set, Avith incisoral edges, ^ ; on the eyed side, distant, 

 obtusely conic, f ; eyes moderate, the lower advanced, close together, 3 in 

 head; scales regularly imbricated, lateral line straight; pectoral short, 

 falcate; origin of dorsal above middle of upper eye; anal spine present; 

 caudal convex or angulated behind; pectoral fins very short, not falcate, 

 that of right side about length of head ; upper jaw with about 30 teeth ; 

 opercle adnate to the shoulder girdle for a short distance only. Color 

 grayish brown ; fins with dark spots ; tip of pectoral dusky above. North 

 Atlantic, on both coasts, chiefly in deep water, south to Cape Cod and 

 France. This species is found in rather deep water on sandy bottoms. It 

 reaches a length of 12 to 18 inches. This flounder has been taken in great 

 numbers with the beam trawl in deep water oft' our New England coast. 

 It is pronounced by the United States Fish Commission to be not inferior 

 as' a food-fish to the European sole. (Eu.) (cynoglossus, a sole; HVGOV, 

 dog; yX&>66a, tongue.) 



Pleuronectes, etc., Corpore oblongo glabro, GRONOW, Museum Ichthyol., i, iv, 39, etc., Bel- 



gium. 

 Pleuronectes cynoglossus, LINN^US, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 269, 1758, after GRONOW ; GUNTHER, 



Cat., iv, 449, 1862; DAY, Fishes Great Britain, n, 30, pi. 103; LILLJEBOKG, Sveriges och 



Norges Fiske, n, 386, 1891; and of European writers generally. 



Platessa pola, CUVIER, Eegne Animal, Ed. n, Vol. 2, 339, 1829, after la Pole of Duhamel. 

 Pleuronectes saxicola, FABER, Tidsskr. f. Naturv., 5 B., 244, 1828, Denmark. 

 Pleuronectes nigromanuts, NILSSON, Prodr. Ichth. Scand., 55, 1832. 

 Platessa elongata, TARRELL, Hist. Brit. Fish., 619, 1859, young. 

 Glyptocephalus acadianus, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1873, 360, Nova Scotia. (Type, 



No. 12685.) 

 Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1873, 360; GOODE & BEAN, Proc. 



U. S. Nat. Mus. 1878, 21 ; GOODE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1880, 337 ; GOODE, Proc. U. S. Nat. 



Mus. 1880, 475 ; COLLETT, Norsfce Nord-Havs Exped.1880, 150; GOODE & BEAN, Bull. 



Mus. Comp. Zool., x, No. 5, 195,1883; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 838, 1883; GOODE, 



Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim., 198, 1884; JORDAN & Goss, Eeview Flounders and Soles, 



300, pi. 19, 1889. 

 Solea cynoglossa, B,AFINESQUE, Indice di Ittiologia Siciliana, 53, 1810; based on the Sole or 



Oynoglossum of RONDELET. 



Glyptocephalus saxicola, GOTTSCHE, Archiv fur Naturgsch. 1835, 156. 

 Platessa saxicola, KROYER, Danmark's Fiske, 338, 1843. 

 Pleuronectes elongatus, GUNTHER, Cat., iv, 450, 1862. 

 Gyptocephahis elongatus, GlLL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1873, 362. 



