2890 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



Bristle. A stiff hair, or hair-like feather. 

 Buccal. Pertaining to the mouth. 

 Caducous. Falling oft' early. 

 Ccecal: Of the form of a blind sac. 



Ccpcum. An appendage of the form of a blind sac, connected with the ali- 

 mentary canal at the posterior end of the stomach, or pylorus. 

 Canines. The teeth behind the incisors the ' 'eye-teeth;" in fishes, any 



conical teeth in the front part of the jaws, longer than the others. 

 Cardiform (teeth). Teeth coarse and sharp, like wool cards. 

 Carinate. Keeled; having a ridge along the middle line. 

 Carotid. The great artery running to the head. 

 Carpus. The wrist. 

 Catadromous. Running down; said of fresh-water species which run 



down to the sea to spawn. 

 Caudal. Pertaining to the tail. 

 Caudal fin. The fin on the tail of fishes and whales. 

 Caudal peduncle. The region between the anal and candal fins in fishes. 

 Cavernous. Containing cavities, either empty or filled with a mucous 



secretion. 



Centrum. The body of a vertebra. 

 Cephalic fins. Fins on the head of certain rays; a detached portion of the 



pectoral. 



Ceratobrancliials. Bones of the branchial arches just below their angle. 

 Ceratohyal. One of the hyoid bones. 

 Chiasma. Crossing of the fibers of the optic nerve. 

 Chin. The space between the rami of the lower jaw. 

 Ciliated. Fringed with eyelash-like projections. 

 Cirri. Fringes. 

 Claspers. Organs attached to the ventral fins in the male of sharks, 



skates, etc. 

 Clavicle. The collar bone, or lower anterior part of shoulder girdle, not 



entering into socket of arm. 

 Compressed. Flattened laterally. 

 Condyle. Articulating surface of a bone. 

 Coracoid. The principal bone of the shoulder girdle in fishes ; otherwise a 



bone or cartilage on the ventral side, helping to form the arm socket. 



Synonymous with hypercoracoid, q. v. 

 Cranial. Pertaining to the cranium or skull. 

 Ctenoid. Rough-edged ; said of scales when the posterior margin is 



minutely spinous or pectinated. 

 Cycloid. Smooth-edged; said of scales not ctenoid, but concentrically 



striate. 



Deciduous. Temporary ; falling off. 

 Decurved. Curved downward. 

 Dentary. The principal or anterior bone of the lower ja'w or mandible, 



usually bearing the teeth. 

 Dentate. With tooth-like notches. 

 Denticle. A little tooth. 

 Depressed. Flattened vertically. 



Depth. Vertical diameter (usually of the body of fishes). 

 Dermal. Pertaining to the skin. 

 Diaphanous. Translucent. 

 Distal. Remote from point of attachment. 

 Dorsal. Pertaining to the back. 

 Dorsal fin. The fin on the back of fishes. 

 Emarginate. Slightly forked or notched at the tip. 



Endoskeleton. The skeleton proper ; the inner bony framework of the body. 

 Enteron. The alimentary canal. 



Epibranchials. The bones directly above the angle of the branchial arches 

 Epihyal. One of the hyoid bones. 

 Epipleurals. Rays of bone attached to the ribs and anterior vertebr 



usually touching the skin in the vicinity of the lateral line. 





