BULLETIN 231] WALNUT CULTURE IN CALIFORNIA. 271 



Leffingwell, Jr.'s grove, the first nuts were produced in the fourth year 

 after planting and only a very few trees had nuts on them during that 

 year. During the fifth year there was a sprinkling of nuts on every 

 tree, but hardly enough to be measured in pounds. In the vicinity of 

 Stockton, Eureka top-grafted on good sized black walnut trees by 

 Dr. W. W. Fitzgerald produced a few nuts the first year after grafting 

 and quite a sprinkling of them during the following season. Mr. Ely 

 Hutchinson of Concord had the same experience. The variety has 

 shown a wonderful vigor of growth wherever tried in this way. 



Susceptibility to Blight and Other Troubles. 



From all experience with Eureka we are justified in stating that this 

 is the most resistant to blight of any variety thus far observed. That 

 it does not merely escape the blight by late blooming, but actually 

 resists it to a considerable extent seems to be the case from the fact 

 that still later blooming varieties are more susceptible to blight than 

 Eureka. It may be said of this variety that it has been very thor- 

 oughly tested in regard to blight resistance, which is not the case with 

 many kinds which are advertised as immune. The original tree stands 

 in a locality where the disease has prevailed for many years and caused 

 immense losses. The tree is surrounded on all sides by seedling wal- 

 nut groves in which the blight has occurred at its worst. The state- 

 ment, therefore, that no sign of the disease has ever been seen on this 

 tree seems a strong one, yet if not absolutely true, it is certainly a fact 

 that year after year, when seedling groves all about were very badly 

 blighted, no blight could be found upon this tree, and so far as we know 

 in five years' observation it has never been affected to any appreciable 

 extent by the disease. While young trees planted in other localities and 

 in new localities may possibly lack this absolute immunity from blight, 

 it is certainly true that the Eureka has shown the greatest freedom 

 from the disease under the most severe test of any variety which is now 

 before the public. In this respect it has fully justified the name given 

 to it by Messrs. Ware and Disher nearly ten years ago in their search 

 for a blight-resistant variety. In respect to other troubles than blight, 

 the Eureka has thus far been entirely free from perforation, and it is 

 not likely that the variety will ever develop this trouble on account of 

 its strong, thick shell. It is also free from sunburn on account of 

 its abundant foliage and thick husk, and in every way the variety is 

 healthy, thrifty, and free from disease. 



GENERAL REMARKS. 



The Eureka comes very close to satisfying the requirements of an 

 ideal walnut for California. It is a fine, large nut of strikingly 

 handsome appearance, extra full meat and weight, perfectly sealed, 



