BULLETIN 231] WALNUT CULTURE IN CALIFORNIA. 277 



appears especially promising in the northern part of the State, and 

 the expectation is well justified that Eureka may become the best va- 

 riety for the northern districts. In the south the variety has disap- 

 pointed some on account of its slowness in bearing as compared with 

 Placentia Perfection, but it is significant that those who have known 

 the variety best and longest, walnut growers of the immediate locality 

 of the original tree, are very enthusiastic about the Eureka and express 

 themselves very strongly in its favor. In all events, present knowl- 

 edge seems to indicate the particular adaptability of this variety to 

 the northern part of the State and to fairly heavy, well irrigated land. 



FRANQUETTE. 



Origin. 



A French variety said to be nearly two hundred years old. First 

 introduced into California by Felix Gillet in 1871. Most of the Fran- 

 quettes at present growing in the State have been derived from Gillet 's 

 importations, although the variety has possibly been brought from 

 France by others in one or two instances. The present standing of the 

 Franquette as the leading northern California and Oregon variety is 

 based on the success of the Vrooman grove at Santa Rosa. This sixty- 

 acre walnut orchard was planted by the late Mrs. Emily Vrooman at 

 a time when commercial walnut growing north of Santa Barbara County 

 was absolutely unknown, and as a result of Mrs. Vrooman 's investigation 

 of and confidence in the Franquette the qualities of this variety are 

 well established. In more recent years the Franquette has been exten- 

 sively taken up by the Leibs of San Jose, who have become the leading 

 exponents of this variety. Through the influence of the Oregon Nursery 

 Company, who bought the scions and nuts from the Vrooman orchard 

 for a period of several years, the fame and popularity of the Fran- 

 quette have been largely extended and many others have become familiar 

 with and planted the Franquette on a considerable scale, both in 

 central and northern California and Oregon. In southern California 

 there is a large tree on the old Experiment Station grounds near 

 Pomona, Mr. Neff of Anaheim has a few trees top-grafted to Fran- 

 quette, and there are several young and top-grafted trees at the Whit- 

 tier laboratory and at the Pasadena City Farm. 



NUT. 



Size. 



Medium to large. Well sustained on old trees. 



Form. 



Decidedly elongated and pointed. Base much broader than apex. 



Surface. 



Medium smooth. Sutural ridges quite prominent. 



