390 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT STATION. 



Petite Ronde. The Petite Eonde, peculiar to the department of 

 Drome, where it is principally cultivated in the districts of Die, is, as 

 its name indicates, a nut of small dimensions. It measures on an 

 average 31 to 32 mm. in length by 30 mm. in width and weighs, dry, 

 from 6 to 7 grammes. A hectolitre (2.85 bushels) weighs 40 kilos 

 (88 pounds). 



It is almost as wide as it is high, large at the top and slightly 

 depressed from the shoulder to the point, which is small, but pro- 

 jecting. The shell is rounded in the region of the base, which makes 

 it rather unstable on its base. The shell projects a little along the 

 line of suture of the valves in the upper half. 



The Petite Ronde is of a beautiful dark yellow color; it is culti- 

 vated for sale fresh (for confectionery) and for sale of the fresh 

 kernels. There are 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds), 500 green kernels, in a 

 double decalitre (2J pecks) of walnuts. The tree blossoms late. It 

 yields large crops. 



NUTS OF CENTRAL FRANCE. 



Car erne. The Careme is a little elongated, having a medium point 

 and a shell flattened and also slightly and irregularly depressed at the 

 base. The shell is projectile along the suture of the valves extending 

 from the middle. It is thin, tender, with a dull, very wrinkled sur- 

 face. It is of average size, 36 mm. in length by 32 mm. in width. 

 The average weight of a dry nut is 8J grammes and the weight of a 

 hectolitre (2.85 bushels) varies from 34 to 36 kilos (75 to 80 pounds). 



The Careme is principally cultivated in the department of Aveyron, 

 particularly in the district of Villef ranche-de-Rouergue ; the greater 

 part of the walnut trees of the department are of this variety, which 

 has for its origin an old and magnificent tree situated on the route from 

 Capdenac, one kilometer to the north of Yilleneuve. This old tree 

 has a trunk measuring only 2 to 2J meters in height, and strong limbs 

 which extend laterally through a radius of from 10 to 12 meters; it 

 has formerly yielded as much as 6 hectolitres (17 bushels) of nuts. It 

 is this which has furnished grafts for nearly all the trees in the country. 

 The tree is spreading and bears well. 



The Careme is sometimes sold for the table. It is very much valued 

 for the sale of the green kernels. Its shell is thin and the kernel fills 

 it well, with no waste space, the kind of nut which has little waste in 

 breaking. To-day they do not manufacture much oil, but formerly, 

 when the price of nuts was lower, preference was given to the Careme 

 nut for the manufacture of oil. They obtained, with the primitive 

 presses, a dozen litres of oil from 2 hectolitres of nuts. The nuts were 

 sold in 1910 for from 20 to 25 francs a hectolitre ($4 to $5 per 2.85 

 bushels). 



