barrel staves. We sent to Europe last year about five million dollars' 

 worth of white oak staves. Meantime California can not get casks 

 for her wine, because white oak now costs too much to ship to Cali- 

 fornia. She is trying redwood for wine casts now, and grumbling 

 mightily. Slack-barrel cooperate in elm, gum, beech, basswood, and 

 fourteen other woods not long ago thought worthless, cut 1,097,063,000 

 staves in one year. All these little demands foot up an enormous and 

 menacing total in acreage. 



The highest estimate of our remaining hardwoods is four hundred 

 billion feet. For lumber, ties, posts, manufactures, fuel, etc., we use 

 twenty-five billion feet per annum or more. At that rate it will take 

 us sixteen years to use up all the rest of our hardwood if we do not 

 burn it, and if the demand remains the same ! A pleasant prospect, 

 is it not? 



Some one has figured that a big Sunday newspaper needs twenty 

 acres of pulp wood to make the paper for one edition. The Chicago 

 Tribune, a chance instance, uses 200,000 pounds of paper each Sunday, 

 or 400,000 each w r eek. Do your own multiplying. We use of domestic 

 spruce alone for pulp wood in one year 1,785,680 cords. The average 

 stand of spruce pulp wood in the regions where it is cut is probably 

 about ten cords per acre; so that of such spruce land we require at 

 least 178,500 acres annually. A ton of paper takes about two cords of 

 spruce in the making to be exact, about 1,750 pounds of paper pulp. 



We use other woods for pulp now, hemlock, balsam, pine, poplar; 

 3,661,17 cords was our total for 1906. We used in that year 2,327,844 

 tons of pulp. Since each ton probably cost on the average two cords 

 of some sort of wood, not allowing anything for waste, there were over 

 four million cords cut somewhere, mostly in the United States ; which 

 means something like a million acres a year for pulp. Call it a half 

 million for close measure. Do some figuring. If it costs twenty acres 

 a Sunday, or forty acres a week, or 2,080 acres a year to print one 

 daily newspaper, what does it cost in acreage to print all the news- 

 papers in all the cities and towns of America? Add to this the enor- 

 mous editions of our magazines. Add to this the paper used in books. 

 The total staggers the imagination, and yet the amount of timber cut 

 for pulp in the United States annually is less than 5 per cent of what 

 is cut for lumber. 



It would seem that we can not afford much longer to read. Neither 

 shall we long be able to write. Last year we made more than 315,- 

 000,000 lead pencils. A lead pencil is not very large, but the total 

 number of lead pencils required 7,300,000 cubic feet of cedar. We 

 have cedar enough to last us just twelve years. 



More than 100,000 acres of timber in the whole United States are 

 cut over every working day. We use many times more timber per 

 capita than any other nation. 



We have left not over 450,000,000 acres bearing commercial timber. 

 Cast up in your mind some of the small demands of industry noted 

 above. Multiply this by three or four to represent the total, including 

 all sorts of sawn lumber. Remember that you are dealing in terms of 

 millions of acres. Divide 450,000,000 by your total number of mil- 



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