1(30 DADD'S VE'JLRINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



animal one ounce of fluid extract of mandrake every six nours A 

 until it operates on the bowels, or the membranes of the mouth 

 lose their yellow tinge. 



Roaring. 



Roaring is usually the result of structural alterations within 

 the larynx, or upper part of the windpipe bordering on the 

 trachea. In mild cases of roaring, we usually find a thickened 

 state of the membrane lining the upper portion of the respiratory 

 passage ; and when roaring is occasioned by thickening of this 

 membrane, its degree depends on the ratio of decrease in the cali- 

 ber of the tube breathed through. Roaring is a very aristocratic 

 disease. Many of the very best and fastest horses in England 

 were, and are now, notorious roarers. " Flying Childers," as faiit 

 a horse as ever wore horseshoes, was one of the worst roarers evci 

 known. The story runs that when " Childers " was at full speed, 

 his roaring resembled juvenile thunder ! He could be heard when 

 distant half a mile ! 



The worst form of this disease is whistling. This is the shai p 

 shrill note not only occasioned by the thickening of the lining 

 membrane of the primary passages of respiration, but by altera- 

 tions in the form and structure of the larynx, the larynx being, 

 in popular language, known as the " voice-box." 



Roaring is more prevalent among stallions than mares and 

 geldings, and the kind of horse most subject to it is the one hav- 

 ing a thick, chunky neck, and having the angles of the jaws in 

 very close proximity with the neck. Roaring scarcely, if ever, 

 admits of a radical cure ; and when of a hereditary or congenital 

 origin, a cure is impossible. A roarer should never be incum- 

 bered with a check-rein ; for it has the effect of causing undue 

 pressure on the larynx, and thus augments the difficulty. Roaring 

 can, however, be relieved by an operation known as tracheotomy, 

 which is performed at a point a few inches below the larynx. 



At a meeting of the Imperial and Central Society of Veteri- 

 nary Medicine, M. Leblanc read a communication on tracheot- 

 omy which was performed on a carriage horse. The operation 

 had been performed because the horse was a severe roarer ; and he 

 wore the tube eighteen years and a half, doing fast work all the 

 time. The animal was destroyed at twenty-three years of age 

 <he owner not desiring to make further use of him nor tc fieb 



