112 DADDS VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



acquires a horny feel, and turns brown; the gums and teeth are 

 covered with a dingy slime. Bleeding from the nose, which mostly 

 appears during the inflammatory stage, now returns. The pulse 

 becomes irregular and more feeble ; oedema, sometimes consider- 

 able, of the extremities ; great debility. The temperature of the 

 body sinks. The neck, belly, flanks, axilla, and groins become 

 covered with cold and clammy sweats; the tympanitis increases, 

 the evacuations being bloody and fetid to a remarkable degree. 

 The animal, continually in pain, exhibits symptoms of colic, often 

 seeking to lie down ; but if he does, he soon rises again. Respi- 

 ration greatly accelerated ; nostrils widely dilated ; pulsations of 

 the heart tumultuous. At length, beginning to stagger, he falls, 

 either to die an easy death or to expire amid agonizing convulsions. 

 When, however, recovery in place of death follows, such symp- 

 toms as we have last detailed do not occur, or with only modified 

 force and character. When blood has been drawn for experiment, 

 under such circumstances, at a time when adynamic and biliary 

 symptoms prevailed, it has been found to* contain but little hema- 

 tosine, but, on the contrary, a large proportion of serum, of a light 

 greenish hue. The disease may last from four, seven, or eight t<i 

 thirty days. Relapse is extremely likely, even under every pros- 

 pect of convalescence, unless great care be taken. The diagnosis 

 at the commencement is difficult, even impossible, when the char- 

 acteristic symptoms are but scantily and imperfectly developed. 



The affections whose symptoms most resemble those of the dis- 

 ease before us are plegmasia of the intestinal tube, and particular 

 of the brain. Should sudamina be detected, they are, as in human 

 medicine, to be regarded as definitely characteristic of typhoid 

 fevei. Prognosis, for the most part, unfavorable; and the more 

 so according as the nervous accompaniments are more numerous, 

 more violent, and more early in showing themselves; the stupor 

 great, the strength failing more, the pulse faltering, the diarrhea 

 greater, more bloody, fetid, etc. 



Our etioloe-v is all at fault. In truth, we know not the deter- 

 mining cause of typhus. The post-mortem states are by no means 

 agreed upon by those who have reported them. Most agree that- 

 the digestive canal exhibits the most constant and marked symp- 

 toms of disorder. The mouth presents marks of inflammation, 

 and, on occasions, aphtha or ulcerations, though commonly too su- 

 perficial to destroy the living membrane. The pharynx sometimes 





