DISEASES Ot THE RESPIRATORY PASSAGES AND ORGANS 113 



the same as the mouth; at others, nothing. The stomach is fre- 

 quently the seat of inflammation of a marked character. The 

 intestines also reddened, to more or less extent. The cavity of 

 the peritoneum, containing a citron-colored fluid, reddened, per- 

 haps, the omentum being at times almost entirely destroyed. A 

 liquid matter — a sort of bloody corruption of more or less consist- 

 ence — is often found within the cavities of the small guts ; and in 

 those of the large, the caecum and colon in particular, are some- 

 time^ to be remarked red and black spots, or ecchymoses, buds of 

 smaller or larger size {glandes de Bruner) indistinctly planted over 

 the mucous surface. 



Malignant or Putrid Typhus — {Typhus Charbonneaux.) — These 

 malignant and putrid affections, either constitutional, or, in some 

 instances, but local in their origin, ever of a highly acute nature 

 and of unequaled rapidity of progress, since not unfrequently they 

 cause death in a few hours, are of more consequence for us to be- 

 come acquainted with, as they are not only susceptible of being- 

 communicated from one animal to another, but even from animal 

 to man, in whom, losing none of their malignity, they are likewise 

 most commonly mortal. Frequently sporadic, sometimes epizootic, 

 but most commonly enzootic, these diseases at times assume so re- 

 doubtable a form that nothing can arrest their progress. Invading 

 farms or other extensive localities, they produce therein terrific 

 ravages; for, being susceptible under various forms, almost equally 

 fatal one with another, of prostrating a vast number of animals of 

 the same or different species, these affections determine, under vary- 

 ing circumstances, losses which, on occasions, desolate and com- 

 pletely ruin the country where they have broken out. 



Such are the two especial forms of typhus fever which have 

 been observed among horse-kind — one of which would seem to 

 occur at times in practice without being sufficiently heeded or re- 

 cognized by veterinary surgeons in this country, while the other 

 may be said to comprehend those malignant epidemics by which 

 our cattle, if not our horses, have, of late years, been too fearfully 

 visited.' " 



In the treatment of typhoid affections, we endeavor to give tone 

 to the system by furnishing nutritious diet, tonic, and stimulating 

 medicines. Ginger and golden seal, with a small portion of hy- 

 posulphite of soda, are the best remedies. 



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