226 bAbiTS VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



inches; and, pushing the penis a little on one side, I gradually 

 divided the muscular and spongy portion, and exposed the mucous 

 membrane of the urethra, when the finger readily detected the 

 groove of the staff, into which a small incision was made sufficient 

 to admit the bistoire cacMe, following which with the index finger 

 of the left hand, the membrane was divided to the rectum. Very 

 little blood flowed, and the water of the urethra gushed out, The 

 staff being removed, I easily introduced the small forceps thtough 

 the urethra into the bladder, and grasped the stone, a portion of 

 which flaked off. The large forceps were then employed, and, 

 my brother holding the handles, I directed the blades upon the 

 stone, my left hand being in the rectum. Having placed the 

 stone in a proper position, I grasped it with the forceps, and, with 

 both hands, gave it a half-turn, so as to place its widest axis be- 

 tween the pubis and rectum; and thus, with a moderate force, I 

 gradually and evenly drew it out, the neck of the bladder readily 

 dilating. Two stitches were inserted in that part of the incision 

 nearest the anus, the lower part being left to itself." 



Suppression op Urine. 



Suppression of urine signifies that condition in which no urine 

 is either secreted or voided. The affection is due to either func- 

 tional or organic disease of the kidneys, or it is an accompaniment 

 of various forms of disease, and, in such cases, is termed functional, 

 For example, I lately treated a horse the subject of jaundice : 

 he did not pass a drop of urine for two days. I inferred that 

 the kidneys were inactive, and did not secrete urine, therefore he 

 had none to pass; but after this period, a slight improvement in 

 the disease (jaundice) having taken place, he urinated, yet at first 

 only in small quantities. 



When the affection comes on periodically, it indicates organic 

 lisease of the kidneys, and, finally, is apt to prove fatal. Wat 

 son says " that if no urine be separated from the blood, coma 

 soon supervenes, and death. It is believed that these conse- 

 quences result from the detention of urea in the system. Urea is 

 a mere excrement, w.iich, in health, is removed from the blood 

 by the kidneys as fast as it enters that fluid. When it is not so 

 carried off, it accumulates in the blood, circulates with it to every 

 part of the body, and acts as a poison, especially upon the brain. 



