&52 UADD'S VETERINAAi MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



contraction exist, the heels are to be opened, and the walls at the 

 quarters must be rasped thin, so as to remove the lateral pressure 

 on the sensitive parts. 



It may be necessary, in the event of the patient not being bene- 

 fited by the above treatment, to reapply the counter-irritant; thia 

 matter is left discretionary with those who take the case in hand. 

 ]n the treatment of such cases, the owner of the afflicted animal 

 must be prepared to exercise due patience, for the day of recovery 

 may be far distant ; often it is a mere question of time, and not 

 one of skill. 



Pleurodynia (Painful affection of the Pleura and 



Muscles of the Chest). 



Pleurodynia (in human practice) signifies pain in the side, from 

 a rheumatic affection of the pleura. In horses the malady not 

 only affects the pleura, but also the intercostal muscles. It is a 

 very painful malady, and some persons are in the habit of calling 

 it "founder." Pleurodynia, however, differs in its origin from 

 'bunder, inasmuch as the latter may arise from various causes, 

 whereas pleurodynia is almost always the result of an excessive 

 use of the muscular powers, or when the animal has been sub- 

 jected to long-continued and very severe exertion. 



Symptoms. — It will be noticed that the animal moves in a very 

 stiff manner ; steps short and quite slow — he appears about used 

 up, as the saying is ; the back is arched, and the skin is over the 

 service of the body, and is not only hot but very tender; on mak- 

 ing pressure over the regions of the sides of the chest, symptoms 

 of pain will be elicited, showing conclusively that the intercostal 

 muscles between the ribs and pleura, or lining membrane of the 

 cavity of the chest, are involved; the respirations are short and 

 jerking, and the number of pulsations range from forty to sixty 

 per minute. Both fore-feet are usually advanced, and, on apply- 

 ing a hand to them, it will be found that they are unusually hot, 

 and that they are inflamed ; the appetite is not good ; the urine 

 is high-colored, and the bowels constipated. Such are the most 

 observable and common symptoms of this painful malady. It is 

 something like rheumatism in its pathology, and often migrates 

 to the brain, or its investing membranes. When this happens 

 there remains but little hope for the patient. 



