ALT 



[26 ] 



ALJf 



A. procu'mhens (procumbent), 4. White. July. 

 Brazil. 1818. 



seri'cea (silky). 2. White. July. Quito. 1820. 



se'ssile (stalkless). &. July. Brown. E. Ind. 



1778. A biennial. 



spiito'sa (spinous). Yellow. June. 1823. 



Stove annual. 



ALTHJE'A. Mallow. (From altheo, to 

 <nire ; in reference to the medicinal quali- 

 ties. Nat.ord., Mallow worts [Malvaceae]. 

 Linn., IQ-Monadelphia 8-Polyandria.) 



The biennials and annuals sow in spring; the 

 herbaceous dividing the roots, or seeds, which, 

 sown as soon as ripe, produce flowering plants 

 next year. A. ro'sea is the Hollyhock. 



HARDY ANNUALS. 



A. acau'lis (stemless). 2. Purple. July. Aleppo. 

 1680. 



Jiirsu'ta( hairy); 2. White. July. Britain. 



Ludwi'gii (Ludwig's). 2. Pink. July. Sicily. 



1791. 



Chine'nsis (China). 1. Bed. July. China. 1818. 



HARDY BIENNIALS. 

 A. Caribas'a (Caribean). 3. Pink. Stove. April. 



W. Ind. 1816. 

 fitifo'lia (fig-leaved). 6. Orange. July. Levant. 



1597- 



Fro/owa'na(Frolove's). 3. July. Siberia. 1827. 



pa'llida (pale-flowered). 6. Pale red. July, 



Hungary. 1805. 



ro'sea (the hollyhock). Red. August. China. 



1573. 

 -- tilo'ba. (two-lobed H.). 8. lied. July. 



Sie'beri (Sieber^). 4. Purple. July. Sicily. 1829. 



stria 1 ta (streaked). 5. White. July. 



HERBACEOUS. 

 A.cannafn'na (hemp-leaved). 6. Purple. July. 

 South of Europe. 1597. 



flexuo'sa (zigzag). 3. Pink. July. E. Ind. 



1803. 



Narbone'nsis (Narbonne). 6. Pink. August. 



South of Europe. 1/80, 



nudifln'ra (naked-flowered). 6. White. July. 



Siberia. 1827. 



officina' Us (officinal. Marsh-mallow). 4. Flesh. 



July. Britain. 



Taurine'nsis (Turin). 4. Red. August. Turin. 



1817. 



ALTI'NGIA. (In honour ofAltiny, a Ger- 

 man botanist. Nat. ord., Conifers [Pinna- 

 cese]. Linn., %2-Dicecia 13-Monadelphia). 



Greenhouse evergreens. Allied to Auraucaria. 

 Deep loamy soil. The best plants are from seeds, 

 although they may be raised from cuttings of the 

 half-ripened wood, under a bell-glass, in a cold 

 frame. 



A. Cunningha'mi (Cunningham's). 30. Apetal. 

 N. Holland. 1824. 



exce'lsa (tall). 100. Apetal. Norfolk Island. 



1/96. 



ALTITUDE, or elevation above the sea, 

 has a great influence over vegetation. 

 The greater the altitude the. greater the 

 reduction of temperature ; so much so 

 that every 600 feet of altitude are be- 

 lieved to reduce the annual temperature 

 as much as receding a degree from the 

 -equator, either to the north or to the 



south. But this rule is far from uni- 

 versally applicable ; for the limit of per- 

 petual snow at the equator is at the height 

 of 15,000 feet ; whereas, in the 35th de- 

 gree of north latitude, the limit is at 

 11,000 feet, being an average of about 

 120 feet of altitude for every degree of 

 recession from the equator. In the 45th 

 degree, the limit is 8,400 feet, being an 

 average of 140 feet for every. degree; in 

 the 50th degree, 6,000 feet, or 180 feet 

 for each degree ; in the 60th, 3,000 feet, 

 or 200 feet for a degree ; and in the 70th, 

 from 1,200 to 2,000 feet, or about the 

 same for each degree as to the 60th de- 

 gree of latitude. Now we know of no 

 reason why the temperature of elevations 

 below the snow-line should not follow the 

 same gradations ; and if this be so, these 

 may be taken as a rule. All plants grow- 

 ing above 7,000 feet under the equator 

 ought to grow in the open air, in the 

 latitude of London. In general, good 

 vegetation is produced at the same dis- 

 tance from the snow-line in the same 

 latitudes. 



ALUMINOUS, applied to land, means 

 heav.y, owing to the presence of clay. 



ALY'SSUM. Madwort. (From a, not, 

 and lyssa, rage; in reference to a fable 

 that the plant allayed anger. Nat. ord., 

 Crudfers [Brassicacese]. Linn., 15-2V- 

 tradynamia.) 



Seeds, cuttings, and root divisions ; common 

 soil. Mostly yellow-flowered and hardy. The 

 best plants of the shrubs are from cuttings in 

 April and May, and struck in a hotbed. They 

 flower next year. The saxatile is the best yellow, 

 and for scent none surpass the white sweet 

 alyssum of the gardens, which will sow itself in 

 the ground, and may be sowed several times 

 during the summer, by the side of borders, kke 

 the Virginia stock. The evergreen shrubs, as 

 they are called, more resemble herbaceous plants, 

 they are so lowly in their growth. They are 

 best propagated by cuttings of the points of the 

 shoots, two or three inches in length, inserted in 

 sandy loam, early in the season, and in a shady 

 place. Variegatum is a little tender. Though 

 all grow freely in common soil, yet to have them 

 in perfection they should be used as rock or hil- 

 lock plants. Even when planted in the border 

 they succeed best when planted in little mounds. 

 The variegatum makes a fine edging to any bril- 

 liant-coloured bed. 



EVERGREEN SHRUBS. 



A. Atla'nticum (Atlantic). 1. April. Crete. 

 1817. 



Gemone'nse (German). 1. April. Europe. 



obtttsifo'lium (blunt-leaved). 1. April. Tauria. 



1828. 



orienta'le (eastern). 1. April. Crete. 

 variega'tum (variegated-leaved). April. 



Gardens. 



saxa'tile (rock). 1. June. Candia. 1710. 



