BIB 



[ 116] 



BIG 



BiBioMARCi. St. Mark's Fly. Mr. Cur- 

 tis says : " The larvse, or grubs, of this 

 insect generally live, in large groups of 

 a hundred or more, in strawberry-beds, 

 vine-borders, flower-pots, and similar un- 

 disturbed spots, feeding upon the roots, 

 and sometimes destroying the entire 

 plant. Bouche says they completely de- 

 molished his bed of Kanunculuses for se- 

 veral successive years, by eating up the 

 tubers. The larva is dark brown, some- 

 what cylindrical, the belly flattened, mo- 

 derately broad, and nearly linear ; the 

 head is comparatively small, deep brown, 

 and very shining. It changes to a chry- 

 salis, generally, towards the end of March. 

 This is of a pale ochreous colour, the 

 head being brightest. The female lays 

 her eggs in the earth, and in the dung of 

 horses and cows, in May. They do not 

 hatch until August." 



BI'DENS. (From 6is, twice, and dens, a 

 tooth; in reference to the seed. Nat. ord., 

 Composites [Asteracese], Linn., 19-Synge- 

 nesia l-^Bqualis. Allied to Coreopsis. ) 



Hardy ones may be grown in the common bor- 

 der. The others are scarcely worfti cultivating ; 

 but we have named the best. The annuals and 

 biennials from seed, and the perennials by divi- 

 sions and suckers. All hardy, except when other- 

 wise specified. 



B. argu'ta (arguta). Yellow. June. Mexico. 

 1825. Herbaceous perennial. 



Bsrteriu'na (Berter's). 3. Yellow. May. 



Porto Rico. 1787. Stove herbaceous 

 , perennial. 



lipinna'ta (twice-leafleted). 2. Yellow. July. 



N. Amer. 1687. Annual. 



corona'ta (crowned). Yellow. August. 182Q. 



Biennial. 



grandiflo 1 (large-flowered). 2. Yellow. June. 



S. Amer. 1800. Annual. 



heterophy'lla (various-leaved). 2. Yellow. Au- 



gust. Mexico. 1803. Greenhouse her- 

 baceous perennial. 



Ituca'ntha (white-flowered). 1$. White. July. 



S. Amer. Annual. 



macrospe'rma (large-seeded). 1. Yellow. June. 



Siberia. 1829. Annual. 



odora'ta (sweet-scented). 3. White. June. 



Mexico. 1825. Annual. 

 -proc'ra(tall).6. Yellow. November. Mexico. 



1822. Herbaceous perennial, 

 -renews (creep ing). 2. Yellow. July. Nepaul. 



181Q. Deciduous creeper. 



terrulafta (fine-toothed). July. 182p. Bien- 



nial. 



BEDWI'LLIA. (Named after Mr. Bid- 

 well^ of Sydney, an ardent cultivator of 

 bulbs. Nat. ord., Lily worts [Liliacese]. 

 Linn., 6-Hexandria \-Monogynia. Allied 

 to Anthericum.) 



Hardy bulb. Divisions and offsets | light, rich 



B. glauce'scens (milky- green). White. May. 

 Australia. 1843. 



| BIEBERSTEI'HIA. (Named after M. Von 

 JBiebcrstein, who wrote a Kussian Flora. 

 Nat. ord., Eueworts [Rutaceae]. Linn., 

 \Q-Decandria k-Pentagynia. Allied to the 

 common Rue.) 



Half-hardy herbaceous perennial. Cuttings 

 under a hand-glass, in the beginning of summer; 

 seeds, in a slight hotbed, under a glass, in March 

 or April. Requires the protection of a cold pit 

 during winter, or a very dry, sheltered place. 

 B. odofra. (sweet). Yellow. May. Altaia. 1837. 



BIENNIAL, from biennis, the Latin for 

 of two years' continuance, is a plant 

 which, being produced from seed in one 

 year, perfects its seed and dies during 

 the year following. Biennials may often 

 be made to endure longer if prevented 

 ripening their seeds ; and many exotics, 

 biennials in their native climes, are per- 

 ennials in our stoves. 



Hardy Biennials. Some of these ripen 

 their seeds as early as August, in which 

 case they may be sown as soon as har- 

 vested. Others, ripening their seeds later, 

 must have these reserved from sowing 

 until May. The double varieties of wall- 

 flowers, stocks, &c., are propagated by 

 cuttings. 



Frame Biennials. These require the 

 shelter of a frame during the early stages 

 of their growth ; to be removed thence, 

 in May, to the borders, where they bloom 

 in July and August. 



BIFRENA'RIA. (From Us, twice, and 

 franum, a strap ; in reference to a double 

 strap, or band, by means of which the 

 pollen masses are connected with their 

 gland. Nat. ord., Orchids [Orchidaceee]. 

 Linn., %Q-Gynandria \-Monandria. Al- 

 lied to Maxillaria.) 



Stove orchids. Offsets and divisions. Peat, 

 sphagnum, charcoal, and broken pots; raised 

 above the surface of pots, or in baskets. Summer 

 temp., 65 to 85; winter, 60 to 60, and rather 

 dry. 



B. a'trO'purpu'rea (dark purple). Dark purple. 

 Rio Janeiro. 1828. 



auranti'aca (orange- coloured). . Orange- 



spotted. September. Demerara. 



au'reo-fu'lva (orange-tawny). Or&nge. Eio 



Janeiro. 1843. 



Hardwe'nii (Mr. Hardwen's). ij. Green, 



chocolate, white. June. Brazil. 1851. 



longico'rnis (long-horned). Orange, brown. 



Demerara. 



vitelli'na (yolk-coloured). Yellow. Rio Janeiro. 



1843. 



BIGNO'NIA. Trumpet Flower. (Named 

 after Ab beBignon, librarian to Louis XIV. 

 Nat. ord., Bignoniads [Bignoniacece]. 

 Linn., l^-Didynamia 2-Angiospcrmia.) 



This order furnishes the most gorgeous climbers 



