BIG 



BIL 



in the world ; natives of the tropical forests in 

 either hemisphere, a tenth part of which are said 

 not to be yet introduced to our gardeas. Stove 

 evergreen climbers, except where otherwise speci- 

 fied. Propagated easily by young, stiff side- 

 shoots, taken off in summer, inserted in sand, 

 under a bell-glass, and placed in bottom-heat; 

 peat and loam. Summer temp., 60 to 75; win- 

 ter, 45 to 55. These mostly produce their flow- 

 ers on short shoots, proceeding from well-ripened 

 buds of the previous'year's wood. Few do well as 

 pot-plants ; they like to ramble over the roof of a 

 cold stove. If the wood is well hardened in sum- 

 mer, many of them do well on the rafters of a 

 common greenhouse, and flower more freely tli^.i 

 they would do in a stove ; but you must have pa- 

 tience until they fairly mount the rafters. Jasmi- 

 noi'des may be taken as a type of these. The 

 only hardy species is Capreola'ta, which is an or- 

 namental wall-climber in a sheltered situation ; 

 propagated easily by cuttings of its roots, or 

 shoots, under a. hand-glass, in spring or autumn. 

 It has been recommended to try Cruci'gera, in 

 similar situations, grafted on Capreola'ta. The 

 Ra'dicans and its near neighbour, but prettier 

 Grandiflo'ra, the only other hardy species of the 

 order, have bee i transferred to TE'COMA, which 

 see; the difference in the genera consisting chiefly 

 in the partition of the fruit, being parallel in Big- 

 no'nia, and contrary in Te'coma. 



B. adenophy'lla (gland-leaved). E. Ind. 1832. 



a'loa (white). 8. White. Guiana. 1823. 



allia'cea (garlic-scented;. 10. Yellow. W. Ind. 



1790. 



amas'na (pleasing). 20. Yellow. E. Ind. 1828. 



Apure'nsis (Apures). 10. Yellow. Orinoco. 



1824. 



eequinuctia' Us (equinoctial). 40. Yellow. June. 



Guiana. l/6r!. 



(Bscullflo'ra (horse-chesnut-flowered). 20. Yel- 



low. Mexico. 



biju'ga (ivi'm-leaved), 6. Madagascar. 1822. 



ca'ndicans (whitish). 10. Cayenne. 1820. 



Capreola'ta (tendrilled). 15. Scarlet. June. 



N. Amer. 1710. 



Caroli'naei Carolina). 10. Cream. Carolina. 



Chumberlay'nii (Chamberlayne's). 40. Yel- 



low. August. Brazil. 1820. 



Chi'ca (Chica). 10. Orinoco. 1819- 



Chire're (Chirere). 10. Red, orange. Guiana. 



1824. 



chrysa'ntha (yellow-flowered). 10. Yellow. 



Guiana. 1823. 



chrysoleu'ca (yellowish- white). 10. Yellowish- 



white. July. S. Ainer. 1824. 



Cle'matis (Clematis). 15. Caraccas. 1820. 



crena'ta (scolloped). 10. E. Ind. 1823. 



cruci'gera (cross-stemmed). 20. Yellow, scar- 



let. S. Amer. 1759. 



deci'piens (deceiving). 10. E. Ind. 1823. 



diversifii'lia (various-leaved). 10. Mexico. 



1825. 



echina'ta (bristly -fruited). 20. Purple. 



Guiana. 1804. 



elonga'ta (elongated). 8. Purple. S. Amer. 



1820. 



floribu'nda (many- flowered). 12. White. 

 Caraccas. 1816. 



gra'tilis (slender). 50. Yellow. April. S. Amer. 



1810. 



grandifu'lia (large-leaved). 60. Purple, red 



June. Caraccas. 1816. 



incarna'ta (flesh-coloured). 4. White, orange. 



Guiana. 1820. 



Indica (Indian). 40. Purple. India. 1775. 



B.jasminifo'lia (jasmine-leaved). 10. White. 

 Orinoco. 1826. 



jasminoi'des (jasmine-like). 30. Purple. More- 

 ton Bay. 1830. 



lactiflw'ra (milk-flowered). 20. White. May. 



Santa Cruz. 1823. 



lalifu'lia (broad-leaved). 10. Yellow. Cay- 



enne. 1823. 



laurifo'lia (laurel-leaved). 20. Guiana. 1804. 



leuco'xylon (white-wooded). 12. Pink. W. 



Ind. 1759. 



litora'lis (shore). Pink, red. Mexico. 1824 4 



lu'cida (shining). 10. E. Ind. 1823. 



meona'ntha (smaller-flowered). 20. Pink. 



June. N. Holland. 



mo'llis (soft). 10. Guiana. 1818. 



molli'ssima (very soft). 10. Caraccas. 182fc, 



tmilti'fida (many-cleft). 10. E. Ind. 1823. 



pu'llida (pale-flowered). 15. White. July,. 



W. Ind. 1823. 



pi'cta (painted). 10. Variegated. S. Amer 



1823. 



pube'scens (downy). 15, Yellow. June. Cam- 



peachy. 1759. 



purpu'rea (purple). 6. Purple. S. Amer. 1822. 

 quudrangula'ris (four-angled). 10. E. Ind, 



1823. 



salicifo'lia (willow-leaved). 10. Yellow. Trini- 



dad. 1824. 



serratifo'lia (saw-leaved). 20. Yellow. W. 



Ind. 1822. 



serrula'ta (fine-toothed). E. Ind. 1832. 



specio'sa (handsome). 20. Pink. May. Ura- 



jruay. 1838. 



specta? bills (showy). 10. Purple. W. Ind. 1820. 



spica'ta (spiked-flowered). Trinidad. 1822. 



staini'nea (frmgr-stamened). 10. Yellow. His- 



paniola. 1825. 



subero'sa (cork-burked). 38. White. E. Ind. 



1820. 



tomento'sa (woolly). 10. Japan. 1820. 



triphy'lla (three-leaved). 10. White. S.Amer. 



1783. 



Tweediti'na, (Mr. Tweedie's). 20. Yellow. 



June. Buenos Ayres. 1838. 



varia'bilis (variable), io. Yellow, white. W. 



Ind. 1819. 



venu'sta (lovely). 4. Orange. September. 



S. Amer. 1816. 



BILBERRY. Vacci'nium myrti'llus. 

 BILIMBI-TREE. Averrho'a bili'mbi. 

 BILL, a sharp-edged tool, employed in 

 cutting hedges,sharpeniiig stakes, 

 &c. It should never be used in 

 pruning ; but, where the branch 

 is too strong to be cut with the 

 knife, the saw ought always to 

 be applied. An implement well 

 adapted for this purpose is Dean's 

 bill ; for it has a narrow blade 

 with a keen-cutting edge, and a 

 saw at the back, made expressly 

 for cutting green wood, warranted 

 not to buckle or stick fast. 



BILLARDIE'RA. Apple Berry. (Named 

 after Labillardiere, a French botanist. 

 Nat ord., Pittosporads [Pittosporaceae]. 

 Linn., 5-Pentandria l-Monogynia.') 



Greenhouse evergreen climbers. * Seeds sown 

 in a little heat, in April, from cutting- i" *' a 7 



