CAR 



[ ISO ] 



CAB 



karpos, a fruit, and discos, a circle ; in re- 

 ference to the form of the fruit. Nat. ord., 

 Dogbanes [Apocynacese], Linn-, 5-Pen- 

 tandria 1-Monoyynia. Allied to Carissa.) 

 Stove shrub. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots, 

 in heat; loam and peat. Summer temp., 60 to 

 85 ; winter, 50 to 55. 



C. du'lcis (sweet). 8. Green. June. Sierra 

 Leone. 1822. 



CARPOLY'SA. (From karpos, a fruit, and 

 lyssu, rage ; in reference to the three- 

 celled fruit, or seed-pod, opening like the 

 mouth of an enraged animal. Nat. ord., 

 Amaryllids [Araaryllidacese]. Linn., G- 

 Hexandria 1-Monogynia. Allied to Ge- 

 thyllis and Lapiedra.) 

 C. spira'lis (pink). Cape of Good Hope. 179). 



A very neat little bulb, with spiral leaves, anil 

 starry, pinkish flowers, having ^reen topi, re- 

 quiring the same treatment as iZUU 



CAEEOT. Dau'cus caro'ta. 



Varieties. Those with a long tapering 

 root are named Long Carrots ; and those 

 having one that is nearly regularly cylin- 

 drical, abruptly terminating, are denomi- 

 nated Horn Carrots. The first are em- 

 ployed for the main crops ; the second, 

 on account of their superior delicate fla- 

 vour, are advantageously grown for early 

 use, and for shallow soils. 



Horn Carrots. Early Red. Common 

 Early. Dutch, for forcing. Long. This 

 last is the best for the summer crop. 



Long Carrots. White Belgium, Yel- 

 low, Long Yellow, Purple, Long Red, 

 Chertsey, and Surrey. Superb Green- 

 topped, or Altringham. The last two 

 are the test for main crops. 



Soil and Situation. Carrots require a 

 warm, light, rich soil, dug full two 

 spades deep. With the bottom-spit it is a 

 good practice to turn in a little well-de- 

 cayed manure ; but no general application 

 of it to the surface should be allowed in 

 the year they are sown; but a spot should 

 be allotted them which has been made 

 rich for the growth of crops in the pre- 

 vious year, or else purposely prepared by 

 manuring and trenching in the preced- 

 ing autumn. The fresh application of 

 manure is liable to cause their growing 

 forked, and to expend themselves in 

 fibres, as well as to be worm-eaten. If 

 the soil is at all binding, it should be well 

 pulverized by digging very small spits at 

 a time. Pigeons' dung is a good manure 

 for the carrot. 



Time and Mode of Solving. The, first 

 sowing for the production of plants to 



draw whilst young should take place in 

 a moderate hotbed, during January, and 

 in a warm border at the conclusion of 

 February, or early in March. At the 

 close of the last month, or, preferably, in 

 the first half of April, the main crop 

 must be inserted ; though, to avoid the 

 maggot, it is even recommended not to 

 do so until its close. In May acd July 

 the sowing may be repeated for produc- 

 tion in autumn, and lastly in August, to 

 stand through the winter, and produce 

 in early spring. For sowing, a calm day 

 should be selected; and the seeds should 

 be separated by rubbing them between 

 the hands, with the admixture of a little 

 sand or dry coal-ashes, otherwise they 

 cannot be sown regularly. Sow thinly, 

 in drills eight inches apart for the horn, 

 and ten or twelve inches for the long ; 

 and the beds not more than four feet 

 wide, for the convenience of after-culti- 

 vation. The larger weeds must be con- 

 tinually removed by hand ; and when the 

 plants are seven or eight weeks old, or 

 when they have got four leaves two or 

 three inches long, they should be thinned, 

 those intended for drawing young, to four 

 or five inches apart, and those to attain 

 their full growth to ten. At the same 

 time, the ground must be small-hoed, 

 which operation should be regularly per- 

 formed every three or four weeks, until 

 the growth of the plants becomes an ef- 

 fectual hinderance to the growth of the 

 weeds. The crop to stand through the 

 winter should, in frosty weather, be shel- 

 tered with a covering of litter, as, if it 

 occurs with much severity, it often de- 

 stroys them. The hotbed for the first 

 sowing of the year must be moderate, 

 and earthed about sixteen inches deep : 

 two or three linings of hot dung, as the 

 heat decreases, will be sufficient to bring 

 them to a state fit for use. These are 

 the first in production, but are closely 

 followed by those that have withstood 

 the winter. The temperature must never 

 exceed 73, nor fall lower than 55. 

 They need not be thinned to more than 

 three inches apart. At the close of Oc- 

 tober, or early in November, as soon as 

 the leaves change colour, the main crop 

 may be dug up, and laid in alternate 

 layers with sand, in a dry outhouse, pre- 

 viously to doing which the tops and any 

 adhering earth must be removed. A 

 dry day should always be chosen for tak- 

 ing them up. 



