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standards are required, they must stand 

 until they acquire the desired height. 



Soil. A deep and mellow loam, rather 

 sandy, is best adapted to the cherry. It 

 will, however, succeed in any ordinary 

 garden-soil, if somewhat fertile in charac- 

 ter, and one which parts freely with 

 superfluous moisture. 



'Wall culture in growing period. The 

 first operation commences in the disbud- 

 ding, stopping, and laying in of the young 

 shoots : this will be in the early part of 

 June. Gross fore-right shoots may at 

 once be displaced, unless required to 

 fill gaps ; but if any doubt exists as to 

 their becoming permanent stock, it will 

 suffice to pinch off their points when four 

 or five inches long. 



The kinds differ so much in size of 

 foliage that a difference becomes neces- 

 sary in the distance at which the young 

 wood is trained. This must be ruled by 

 the size of the leaves. Such as the 

 Bigarreau must be kept at least five 

 inches apart; the Morello section may be 

 placed from two to four inches apart. One 

 of the main points is to destroy the 

 aphides in time ; they are almost sure to 

 infest the trees before midsummer. 



Culture in rest period. The cherry, in 

 general, requires less culture than most 

 of our hardy fruits; and this because it 

 produces so little breast-wood. If the 

 summer management has been duly 

 attended to, there will be little to perform 

 during the rest period. 



The remaining portion of the snags, or 

 bases of the young shoots, which were 

 pinched back in June, must now be 

 pruned back to within two inches of the 

 branch, unless required to furnish a blank 

 space. Any late-made, immature-looking 

 wood may be shortened to where solid ; 

 but no other shortening is required with 

 bearing trees. All the shortening requi- 

 site, in order to multiply shoots to furnish 

 the wall, should be done within three 

 jears after their transplanting. There 

 will, however, be mostly a few shoots to 

 be entirely removed in the winter's prun- 

 ing ; and, in doing this, regard must be 

 paid to the distance previously given. 



Uses,howto keep,d;c. We need scarcely 

 point to the dessert section. The Mo- 

 rellos are famous as "brandy- cherries." 

 The Kentish has the peculiar property of 

 slipping from the stone, and, when dried, 

 making a delightful confection ; and, in- 

 deed, most of them are of great use for 



confectionary purposes. The pulp of 

 some makes a very good wine ; and irx 

 Germany a liqueur is made from the 

 kernel and pulp, bruised and fermented, 

 known by the name of Kirschwasser. 



The keeping of cherries on the trees is, 

 indeed, the great obstacle to their much- 

 extended culture. Were it not for this, 

 cherries would be an every-day affair from 

 the end of May until the end of October. 

 The birds are their greatest enemies, and 

 next to them the wasps. For preserva- 

 tion from birds there is nothing like good 

 nets ; but, as it takes much netting to 

 cover an ordinary tree, a dwarfing-system 

 should be had recourse to, by which 

 means much fruit may be preserved in a 

 little space. By strict preservation we 

 have had the May Duke in use from the 

 beginning of June until the middle of 

 August; the Late Duke from the latter 

 period until the end of September; and 

 the Morello from the close of September 

 until the end of October, or even later. 

 The wasps are by far the most difficult to 

 manage. We have, however, kept these 

 at bay, for a few weeks, by covering the 

 bushes with some material like Scotch 

 gauze. 



Disease. We are not aware of any 

 positive disease in the cherry, excepting 

 the gum. This is an exudation ot gummy 

 matter, which generally follows a wound 

 or bruise, and not unfrequently breaks 

 out spontaneously. The best way to 

 avoid this is to plant in soil of moderate 

 quality. In general, a light, maiden loam 

 is good enough, without adding a particle 

 of manure or vegetable matter. See 



EXTEAVASATED SAP. 



Insects. The Black Aphis (see APHIS) 

 is the greatest enemy, and next the Red 

 Spider. (#* AoiKUS.) The wall and wood 

 of the trees should be washed annually, 

 in the rest season, with soft-soap water, 

 six ounces to a gallon, adding plenty of 

 lime, soot, and sulphur. When the 

 aphides attacis the young shoots in sum- 

 mer, there is no better plan than to dip 

 each in a bowl of tobacco-water just be- 

 fore they are trained. 



Winter pruning of Standards. Very 

 little is requisite with standards. Like all 

 other fruit-trees, they are apt to produce 

 an inconvenient amount of young spray, 

 in the interior o-' the tree especially. All 

 shoots of this character should be dressed 

 away during the rest season, and all that 

 are obviously not placed in a position to 



