EAR 



L 



J 



ECH 



nandria 1-Monandria. Allied to Pholi- 

 dota.) 



Stove orchids, from New Zealand. Division 

 of the plants when fresh growth is commencing ; 

 sphagnum-moss and fibry peat, in which the 

 roots are fixed above the surface of a pot, or in a 

 shallow basket, and suspended from the roof. 

 Sum: ,er temp., 60 to 85, with moisture; win- 

 ter, 50 to 60, and rather dry. 

 E. mucrtma'ta (sharp-pointed). White. May. 

 1845. 



suave'olena (sweet-scented). White. May. 



1843. 



EARTH. Every cultivated soil is main- 

 ly composed of four earths in various 

 proportions: Silica, or pure flint; alu- 

 mina, or pure clay ; lime, combined with 

 carbonic acid in the state 'jf chalk ; and 

 magnesia. See SOIL. 



EARTHING-UP, or drawing the soil in a 

 ridge to the stems of plants, is beneficial 

 to those fibrous-booted, by reducing the 

 distance from the surface of the extremi- 

 ties of the plant's roots ; by inducing the 

 production of rootlets from the stem ; 

 and sheltering the winter standing crops, 

 for the closer the leaves of these are to 

 the earth the less is the reduction of 

 heat from the latter, either by radiation 

 or contact with the colder air; but to 

 tuberous-rooted plants, as the potato, it 

 is detrimental. In our experiments, it 

 lias, on an average, reduced the produce 

 one -fourth. 



EARTH-NUT. A'rachls. 



EARWIG. (Forjicula aitricularis.) This 

 destroyer of the peach, apricot, plum, 

 dahlia, pink, and carnation, commits its 

 ravages only at night, retiring during the 

 day to any convenient shelter in the 

 vicinity of its prey. Advantage must be 

 taken of this habit, and if small garden- 

 pots with a little moss within be inverted 

 upon a stick, and pieces of the dry hol- 

 low stem of the sunflower, or Jerusalem 

 artichoke, be placed in the neighbour- 

 hood of the fruits and flowers enumerated, 

 many of the insects will resort thither, 

 and may be shaken out and destroyed. 

 As earwigs are winged insects, it is use- 

 less to guard the stems of plants in any 

 mode. 



E'BENUS. The following species have 

 been separated from Anthyllis by some 

 botanists, to make this genus; but they 

 should be reunited to it. See ANTHY'LLIS. 

 E. Cre'ticn (Cretan), li. Pink. June. Candia. 

 1737. 



pinna'ia (leafleted). . Pink. June. Barbary. 



1/86. 



(Sibthorp's). Pink. July. Greece. 



E'BONY. Diospy'ros e'benum. 



ECASTAPHY'LLUM. See PTEROCA/RPUS. 



ECCREMOCA'RPUS. (From ebttremes, 

 pendent, and kurpos, fruit; position of 

 the seed-pods. Nat. ord., B'ujnoniads 

 [BignoniaceseJ. Linn., l^-Didynamia 

 2-Angiospermia. Syn., Cale'mpdis.) 



Half-hardy evergreen climbers, with orange 

 flowers. Seeds sown on heat, in February, will 

 bloom out of doors during the summer; cuttings 

 taken oif in August, and kept in a cold frame 

 during .the winter, will bloom better. In sheltered 

 places the fleshy roots will remain safe in the 

 ground during the winter; but in most places it 

 is safest to protect them from frost and wet, or 

 take them up and keep them from frost, and 

 plant again in May ; any light, fertile soil. 

 E. longiflo'rus (long-flowered). 6. July. Peru. 

 1825. 



sca'bra (rough). 6. July. Chili. 1824. 



ECHIA'NDIA. (Derivation unknown. 

 A rare Lily wort [Liliacese], Linn., 6- 

 Hexandria I-Monogynia. Allied to An- 

 thericum.) 



Division, and, it is believed, by seeds; peat and 

 loam ; greenhouse and cold pic culture. 

 E. terniftu'ra (three-flowered). Golden. July. 

 Mexico. 1837. 



ECHEVE'RIA. (After M. Echeveri, a 

 botanical draughtsman. Nat. ord., Houst- 

 leeffs [Crassulacece]. Linn., -IQ-Uecaiidria 

 k-Pentayynia. Allied to Sedum.) 



Cuttings, chiefly in spring, that the plants may 

 be established during summer; the base of the 

 cutting should be dried for several days, though 

 the leaves are kept green by shading and moisture, 

 before inserting them in sandy soil ; a bell-glass, 

 if not kopt close, will do them good, and ftlso a 

 little bottom-heat ; sandy loam, peat, and lime- 

 rubbish. Winter temp., 40 to 45, and kept 

 almost dry. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREENS. 

 E. acutifo'lia (pointed-leaved). 1. Scarlet, yel- 

 low. April. Mexico. 184). 



bractcola'ta (small -bract*d). Red, yellow. 



Caraceas. 1840. 



ceespito'sa (tufty). 1. Yellow. July. Cali- 



fornia. 1796. 



cocci 'nea (scarlet-cowered). 2. Scarlet. Oc- 



tober. Mexico. 1816. 



farino'sa (mealy). Pale yellow. California. 



gibbiflo'ra (swollen-flowered). 2. Yellow, 



pink. September. Mexico. 1826. 



grandifo'lia (large-leaved). 2. Orange. Oc- 



tober. Mexico. 1828. 



la'xa (loose). Yellow. California. 1847- 



pulverule'nta (powdery). White, red. Sep- 



tember. Mexico. 1840. 



retu'sa (blunt- leaned). 1. Crimson, yellow. 



November. Mexico. 1846. 



roVa (rosy). 1. Rose, yellow. September, 



Brazil. 1640. 



ScAee'/ii (Scheer's). 1$. Pink, yellow. No- 



vember. Mexico. 1842. 



STOVE EVERGREENS. 



E. lu'rida (dingy-/aoed). 1. Scarlet. July. 

 Mexico. 1830. 



