ECH 



[ 314 ] 



ECH 



E. racfimn'sa (racemed). 2. Crimson. October. 

 Mexico. 1830. 



secu'nda (one-sided;. Scarlet. June. Mex- 



ico. 183/. 



ECHINA'CEA. (From echinos, a hedge- 

 hog; referring to the involucre, or scaly 

 covering of composite flowers. Nat. ord., 

 Composites [Asterace?e]. Linn., \Q-Syn- 

 gtnesiaZ-Superflua. Allied to Rudbeckia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials. Division and 

 seeds in spring ; common or sandy soil. 

 E. Dickso'ni (Dicltson's). 1. Lilac. August. 

 Mexico. 



du'biu (doubtful). 4. Lilac. September. 



Mexico. 1837. 



heterophy'lla (various-leaverl). 1^. Purple. 



October. Mexico. 1829. 



napifo'lia (rape-leaved). 2. Red. July. 



North Spain. 1824. 



purpu'ren (purple-flowered'), 4. Red. Sep- 



tember. N. Amer. 1690. 



sero'tina (l*tt-Jlowering). 3. Red. Septem- 



ber. N. Amer. 1816. 



ECHINOCA'CTUS. (From echinos, hedge- 

 hog, and cactus. Nat. ord., Indian Figs 

 [Cactaceae]. Linn., 12-Icosandria 1- 

 Monogynia.) 



Like the section Mammillaria, this of Melocacti 

 is encumbered by one-half too many names of 

 species, founded on trifling variations, peculiar 

 either to different ages of the same plants, or to 

 accidental forms from seeds. For species and 

 culture, see CA'CTUS. 



ECHI'NOPS. Globe Thistle. (From 

 echinos, hedgehog, and opsis, like ; refer- 

 ring to the spiny scales of the involucre, 

 or covering of composite flowers. Nat. 

 ord., Composites [Asteraeese]. Linn., 

 19-Syngenesia 5-Segregata. Allied to 

 Gazania.)' 



Biennials, chiefly by seeds in April. Perennials, 

 by division in March ; common soil. 



HARDY BIENNIALS. 



E. Barma'ticus a'lbus ( Hungarian white). White. 

 Hungary. 1832. 



Gmeft'ni'Gmelin's). White, blue. 1835. 



hu'milis (humble). l. Blue. June. Cau- 



casus. 1816. 



lanugina'sus (woolly). 2. Blue. July. Levant. 



1/36. 



plnty'lap s (broad-scaled). September. 1835. 



pu'ngens ( pungent). Russia. 1835. 



Tau'ricus (Taurian). 4. Blue. August. Tauria. 



1816. 



Tournefo'rtii (Tournefort's). Caucasus. 1835. 



HARDY PERENNIALS. 



U. crista'ta (crested). Cream, white. July. 

 Bolivia. 



Dahu'ricus (Dahurian). 3. Blue. August. 



Dahuria. 1828. 



exalta'tus (lofty). 6. White. July. Austria. 



1817- 



glabe'rrimus (most smooth). Blue. August. 



Sinai. 1830. 



panicula'tus (panicleu). 6. Blue. July. 



Spam. 1815. 



Pe'rsicua (Persian). White. August. Persia. 



1821. 



E. Ri'trn (Ritro). 3. Blue. July. Europe. 1570. 



Ruthe'nii'us (Russian). 3. Blue. July. 



Russia. 18:6 



spino'sus (s\>\ny -headed). 4. White. July. 



Egypt. 1597- 



stri'ctua (erect). 3. Pale blue. July. Europe. 



1830. 



tenuifo'lius (fine-leaved). 2. Blue. August. 



Russia. 1820. 



virga'lus (twiggy). 2. Blue. June. South 



Europe. 1820. 



ECHINO'PSIS. (From echinos, hedgehog, 

 and opsit, like; referring to the spines 

 which clothe its globular stem. Nat. ord., 

 Indian Figs [Cactacese]. Linn., 12- 

 Icosandria l-Honogynia. Allied to Echi- 

 nocactus.) 



Stove Cactuses. Light loam, a little leaf-mould, 

 and afew lumps of lime-rubbish, and well drained. 

 Water sparingly in winter, and air to be kept dry. 

 Winter, night, 50; day, 80. Summer, night, 

 65; day, 90. 



E.campylacn'nthn (eurved-spined). 1. Pink. 

 May. Andes. 1851. 



arista' ta'i 'crested). . Purple. May. Bolivia. 



1846. There is a white-flowered variety. 



ECHI'TES. (From echis, a viper ; re- 

 ferring to the snake-like coils of the 

 twining shoots. Nat. ord., Dogbanes 

 [Apocynaceas]. Linn., 5-Pentandria 1- 

 Monogynia.) 



Nearly all evergreen climbers. Cuttings in 

 sand, in bottom-heat, in spring; lumpy loam 

 and peat. Summer temp., for stove specie.--, 60 

 to 80 ; winter, 48 to 60. Others, usual green- 

 house temperatures. 



GREENHOUSE. 



E. bispino'sa (twin-spined). 1, Pink. Sep'em- 

 ber. Cape of Good Hope. 1/95. Uncler- 

 shrub. 



diffo'rmis (two-formed). 8. Pale yellow. July. 



Carolina. 1806. 



STOVE. 



E. antidysente'rica (antidysenteric). Pink. E. 

 Ind. 1821. 



a'tro-purpu'rea (dark purple). Brown, pur- 



pie. July. Brazil. 1814. 



biflo'ra (twin-flowered). 20. White. July. 



W. Ind. 1783. 



caryophylla'ta (clove-leaved). 6. Pale yellow. 



October. E. Ind. 1812. 



cymo'sa (cymosed). 10. Julv. E. Ind. 1828. 



Dominge'mis (St. Domingo). 10. Yeliow. 



June. W. Ind. 1820. 



Franci'scea (River Francisco). Rose, greeu. 



September. Brazil. 1845. 



frute'scens (shrubby). 10. E. Ind. 1816. 



grund'flo'ra (large-flowered). 8. Pink. E. 



Ind. 1823. 



He'ynii (Heynes's). 5. Yellow. June. E. 



Ind. 1818. 



hirsu'ta (hairy). 10. Yellow, rose. Sep- 



tember. Brazil. 1843. 



longijlo'ra (long-flowered). 6. White. June. 



Brazil. 1816. 



Malaba'ricu (Malabar). 6. Red. June. Mala- 



bar. 1822. 



paniculu'ta (panicled). 19. Yellow. July. 



S. Amer. 1823. 



