ESP 



[ 335 ] 



EUC 



generally placed within a few feet of the 

 garden-walk, having, also, another walk 

 or alley at the back, in order to facilitate 

 operations. Espaliers being nearer to 

 the ground than ordinary standards, we 

 need hardly say that in such a position 

 they are warmer. The mode of training 

 tends to check exuberance of growth, 

 which is of some service in a dwarfing, 

 and, by consequence, an early fruiting 

 system. The trees are completely with- 

 in reach for stopping, and various other 

 manipulations, which, on standards, re- 

 quire ladders and other cumbrous ma- 

 chines. Again, a much greater collection 

 of fruits may be cultivated, in any garden, 

 by an espalier system, than by the ordi- 

 nary course of culture. The espalier 

 system can be rendered conducive to the 

 greatest amount of produce, as well as 

 to the most ornamental appearance. 



Form of Trellis. This is very material. 

 There are fruits which must have sun- 

 shine to perfect them, yet will succeed 

 with a moderate share. There are others 

 which will succeed in what is commonly 

 termed a northern aspect ; such are 

 adapted for the northern side of trellises, 

 which run east and west. Again, others 

 must have a full exposure to the sun. 

 Kitchen-gardens are mostly rectangular, 

 and if most or all of the margins be 

 appropriated to trellises, there will be a 

 great difference between those which run 

 north and south and east and west. To 

 avoid over-shadowing, we think that 

 what have been termed Table Trellises, 

 that'is, those which present a flat surface, 

 parallel to the horizon, at about a foot or 

 half a yard from the ground are by far 

 the best for the majority of fruits. 



Perpendicular Hails are, however, very 

 well adapted for many of our fruits, and 

 if iron is not used, a very nice> but some- 

 what perishable structure may be formed 

 by means of wood. Permanent stakes of 

 oak, larch, &c., may be driven at from 

 two to three feet apart perpendicularly, 

 and temporary stakes driven as wanted 

 between them, of more perishable mate- 

 rial. The temporary, or intervening 

 stakes are to be moveable at pleasure, 

 and when the trees acquire a strong 

 fabric, may be entirely dispensed with. 



The Strained-wire Rail is, however, 

 much superior, and will, doubtless, prove 

 most economical in the end. Such, well- 

 constructed, with stone bases to the iron 

 uprights, would endure a century, and 



are, at least, particularly to be recom- 

 mended for trees of slender wood. As 

 for perpendicular iron treillage, an or- 

 dinary field hurdle will give a pretty good 

 idea; the distance between the rails 

 being, of course, ruled by the mode of 

 growth of the tree. 



With regard to Arched or Saddle Trel- 

 lises, we would speak with some caution. 

 Running north and south, and occupied 

 with trees properly adapted, they will 

 doubtless succeed, and they are assuredly 

 ornamental. ' 



Gooseberries and currants we have 

 found conveniently trainable to a cheap 

 trellis of this form 



It is not the least advantage attendant 

 upon this mode of training that the 

 fruit is easily covered and protected. 



ETIOLATION. The same as Blanching. 



EUCALY'PTUS. Gum-tree. (From en, 

 good, and kalypto, covering ; referring to 

 the flower- envelope, or calyx, which 

 covers the flower and falls off like a 

 cap. Nat. ord., Myrtleblooms [Myrtacese], 

 Linn., 12-Icosandria 1-Monogynia. Allied 

 to Metrosideros.) 



Greenhouse evergreen trees, from New Holland, 

 and all with white blossoms. Cuttings of young, 

 inn side-shoots in the beginning of summer, in 

 sandy soil, under a bell-glass ; peat and loam ; a 

 cool greenhouse. Winter temp., 35 to 45. 

 Most of them in warm places will do well against 

 walls, with a little protection, if dryness is 

 secured. 

 E. ala'ta (winged). 1816. 



amygdah'na (almond-leaved). 1830. 



cocci' f era (coccus-bearing). 20. Purple. De- 



cember. Van Uiemen's Land. 



corymbo'sa (corymb-flowered). 1/88. 



cotinifo'lia (cotinus-leaved). 1818. 



Eugenioi'des (Eugenia-like). 1830. 



glo'i>ulus (globuled). 150. 1810. 



heemu'stoma (bloody-mouthed). 30. 1803. 



heterophy'lla (various-leaved). 30. 1820. 



hirsu'tn (hairy). 20. 



hype* icifo'lia (hypericum-leaved). 1823. 



incrassa'ta (thickened). 6. 1818. 



longifo'lia (long-leaved). June. 



marpina'ta (thick-edged). May. 1794- 



me'dia (intermediate). 1823. 



macroca'rva (large-fruited). 6. June. 1842. 



microphy'lla (small-leaved). 20. 1823. 



mucrona'ta (sharp-pointed). 1823. 



multiflo'ra (many-flowered). 1820. 



myriifo'liu (myrtle-leaved). 6. 1823. 



obli'qua (twisted- leaved) . 100. July. 1/74. 



orbicuia'ri& (globe-shaped). J8l6. 



ova'ta (egg-form-lcavcd). 6. 1820. 

 -perfolia'ta (leaf- pierced). 1820. 



