FLU 



[ 353 ] 



FOL 



artificial structures ; and the third to keep 

 the pot out of sight. This is requisite 

 for two reasons : first, because they are 

 no ornament; and, secondly, that it is 

 always desirahle to protect the plant from 

 being scorched by exposure to the sun. 

 It is also desirable to adopt another mode 

 of construction, for the purpose of giving 

 plants that aspect which is most suited to 

 their habits ; and, therefore, instead of 

 placing the stages from the front to the 

 back of the bouse, as is generally the case, 

 let them be placed in groups of stages, 

 thus producing an effect similar to the 

 borders in a well-arranged flower-garden. 

 The spectators, in their progress from 

 group to group, would be attracted by the 

 separate display in each, instead of 

 having their attention drawn away by a 

 whole blaze of beauty at once. 



Mr. Ainger, also, makes these good sug- 

 gestions : Stages are frequently formed 

 of an equal or nearly equal series of as- 

 cents, in consequence of which the upper 

 plants are by no means so well seen as 

 the lower ones. The proper plan is to 

 commence by small elevations, gradually 

 increasing as the shelves recede from the 

 eye. The lowest shelf to be eighteen 

 inches from the floor, the first rise is six 

 inches, the next nine, twelve, fifteen, 

 eighteen, twenty-one, and so on. The 

 upoer shelves should also be broader than 

 the lower, for larger pots. The advan- 

 tage of this arrangement, as commanding 

 a better view of the flowers, is obvious. 



FLUES are pipes formed of brick or 

 slate, for conducting heated air through 

 stoves or other buildings where a high 

 artificial temperature is desired. It is a 

 mode of heating much less used than 

 formerly, being superseded by the much 

 more manageable and effectual modes of 

 heating by hot water ; and flues have the 

 additional disadvantages, that they re- 

 quire frequent sweeping, and that they 

 emit a sulphurous fume that is injurious 

 to plants, and disagreeable to the fre- 

 quenters of the structures so heated. 

 This has been obviated by using Valencia 

 slates in the place of bricks ; yet flues 

 under few circumstances can compare 

 with either the pipe or tank system of 

 hot-water heating. When flues are em- 

 ployed, they are constructed inside and 

 near the walls of the building ; each flue 

 eight or nine inches wide in the clear, by 

 two or three bricks on edge deep, ranged 

 In )rizontally one over the other the whole 

 08 



length of the back wall, in three or four 

 returns communicating with each other, 

 continued, also, along the end and front 

 walls in one or two ranges, to be used 

 occasionally ; furnished with a regulator 

 to slide open and shut as required, the 

 whole proceeding from the first lower- 

 most flue, which communicates imme- 

 diately from the furnace or fire-place 

 behind either the back wall at one end, or 

 in the back part of the end walls ; or if 

 very long stoves, 01 more than forty feet 

 length, two fire-places are requisite, one 

 at each end ; each having its set of fluea 

 ranging half-way ; each set of flues ter- 

 minating in an upright chimney at the 

 end of the back outside. Flues are 

 merely chimneys horizontal, instead of 

 being entirely upright, terminating, how- 

 ever, generally in an upright tube or 

 shaft, which discharges their contents 

 into the open air. They are most effectual 

 when they traverse the ends and the front 

 of the house; as, if the back wall is a 

 solid material, there can be less danger of 

 cold there. Arrangements must be made 

 for a good draught, by having the bottom 

 of the furnace two feet below the level of 

 the bottom of the flue. The flue should, 

 after entering the house, rise a little to 

 the extreme end. It should stand a little 

 raised above the floor, and never be placed 

 below it, unless when well supplied with 

 air by cross drains. It should be con- 

 structed of the best brick and tiles, be 

 plastered over if a strong heat is neces- 

 sary, and merely whitewashed if a heat is 

 only wanted occasionally. Evaporating 

 basins should be secured, so that the 

 atmosphere be supplied with moisture as 

 well as heat. See STOVE. 



FLUED WALL. See W T ALL. 



FLY. See BLACK FLEA. 



FLYWORT. Myu'nthus. 



FCE'TIDA. (From fcetidvs, fetid ; re- 

 ferring to the unpleasant smell of the 

 leaves and wood. Nat. ord., Burrinff- 

 oniads [Barringtoniacese]. Lirin., 12- 

 Icosandria '3-Polyyynia. Allied to Gus- 

 tavia.) 



Cuttings of ripe wood, with the leaved re- 

 maining, in sand, in spring, under a bell-xl.*, 

 md in heat; fibry loam and turfy pear, with 

 ilver sand. Summer temp., 60 to 75; winter, 

 48 to 55. 



F. Mauritia'na (Mauritius). 26. White. Mau- 

 ritius. 1825. 



FOGGING-OFF. The same as dumping- 



>ff- 



FOLLICLE, a seed vessel of one entire 

 2 A 



