FKA 



[ ,358 ] 



FIIA 



glass from the stones laid on as a resist- ) 

 auee to the wind, are by no means in- ' 

 considerable. 



Mr. Seton, to obviate these inconve- 

 niences, employs a particular covering, 

 which he constructs of four laths, two 

 of such a length as to exceed a little that 

 of the frame, and the others in a similar 

 manner that of its breadth. These are 

 bound together at right angles, so as to 

 form a parallelogram of the form and size 

 of the frame; and pieces are bound across 

 this at a foot apart from each other. 

 Over this a mat is spread, and over the 

 mat a layer of straw is fastened, laid on 

 level like thatch, from three to six inches 

 thick, as may appear necessary. If the 

 breadth of the frame is, or exceeds, four 

 feet, it is best to have the covering in two 

 parts, otherwise it becomes weak and un- 

 wieldy. These pannels, as thsy may 

 be called, Mr. Seton also employs in pie- 

 serving tender plants through the winter. 

 A pit of frames, earthed up all round, 

 and covered with one of them, or two or 

 three if needful, is completely impervious 

 to frost. 



Substitutes for Glass. Oiled paper was 

 formerly employed; but this has been 

 superseded by linen dressed with Whit- 

 ney's or Tanner's compositions ; or the 

 gardener may employ the following pre- 

 paration : Old pale linseed-oil, three 

 pints; sugar of lead (acetate of lead), 

 one ounce ; white resin, four ounces. 

 Grind the acetate with a little of the oil, 

 then add the rest and the resin. Incor- 

 porate thoroughly in a large iron pot over 

 a gentle fire; and, with a large brush, 

 apply hot to a fine calico stretched loosely 

 previously, by means of tacks, upon the 

 frame. On the following day it is fit for 

 use, and may be either done over a second 

 time, or tacked on tightly to remain. 

 Gardener's Chronicle. 



The quantity made according to this 

 recipe will be sufficient for about 100 

 square feet of calico. 



FRANCISCE'A. We have referred the 

 species to Brunsfelsia. 



FRANCO'A. (Named after F. Franco, a 

 Spaniard. Nat. ord., Francoads [Franco- 

 aceae]. Linn., 8-Octandria ^-I'etragynia.) 



Hardy herbaceous perennials, natives of Chili, 

 and impatient of wet under cultivation. A few 

 plants should be kept in cold frames, to replace 

 such as die off during severe winters. Seeds in 

 a slight hotbed, in spring ; plants hardened off, 

 and then transplanted ; dry, sandy loam suits 

 them beat. In severe weather, they are worth 



the labour of sticking a few evergreen boughs 

 round them. 



F. appendiculu'ta (appendaged). 2. Purple. July. 

 1830. 



ramn'sa (branched). 2. White. July. 183). 



sonchifo'lia (sowthistle-leaved). 2. Purple. 



July. 1830. 



FRANKE'NIA. Sea Heath. (Named 

 after Frankenws, a Swedish botanist. 

 Nat. ord., Frankcniids [Frankeniacesej. 

 Linn., Q-Hexandria I-Monogynia.) 



Small plants, found chiefly near the sea, more 

 curious than pretty, though useful for rock-work, 

 or for a collection of alpines. Seeds, cuttings, 

 and dividing the roots ; sandy loam, and a little 

 peat. 



HALF-HARDY EVERGREEN TRAILERS. 

 F eridfo'lia (heath-leaved). $. Red. July. 

 Canaries. 1816. 



nodiflo'ra (knot-flowered). . Flesh. June. 



Cape of Good Hope. 1818. 



pauci/G'.-a (few-flowered). 1. Pink. July. 



N. Holland. 1824. 



I.URDY EVERGREEN TRAILERS. 



F. corymbo'sa (corymbose). . Red. July, 

 Barbary. 181Q. 



hirsu'tu (hairy). . Light blue. July. Si- 



beria. 178Q. 



interme'diu (intermediate). $. White. July. 



South Europe. 181/. 



Ice'ns (smooth). $. Flesh. July. England. 



mo' His (soft). $. Red. July. Caucasus. 1824. 



Nu'thriu (Nothria). ^. Flesh. July. Cape 



of Good Hope. 1816. 



pulverule'ntu (powdery). 4. Red. July. 



England. Annual. 



FRANKINCENSE. Pi'nm tce'da. 



FRA'SERA. (Named after John Frasrr, 

 botanical collector in North America. 

 Nat. ord., Gentianworts [Gentian aceae]. 

 Linn., Tetrandria I-Munogynia. Allied to 

 Chironia.) 



Hardy biennial marsh-plant. Seeds in spring, 

 and transplanted ; also by division of the roots ; 

 sandy peat, with a little turfy loam. 

 F. Caroline'nsis (Carolina). 4. Green, yellow. 

 July. Carolina. 17Q5. 



FRAXINE'LLA. Dicla'mnvs. 



FRA'XINUS. The Ash. (Fraxinns is the 

 Latin for an ash-tree. Nat. ord., Olive- 

 worts [Oleacese]. Linn., 2'3-Polygantia 

 2-Dicecia.) 



Hardy deciduous trees, with green flowers. 

 Seeds ripe in October, then to be collected, and 

 stored in thin layers in the ground, mixed with 

 sandy soil, and turned once or twice during the 

 winter ; the seeds sifted from the soil, and sown 

 in March or April. Most of the species may also 

 be propagated by seeds, and the most distinct of 

 them ; as also the varieties by grafting. Dry, 

 deep loam makes them produce the best timber. 

 The Weeping, the Silver, and Golden-burked 

 varieties of F. exce'lsiur are interesting. 

 F. acumina'ta (pointed. Green}, 40. May. N. 

 Amer. 1/23. 



a'lba (white). 30. Green. May. N.Amer. 1823. 



emari'stima (bitterest). 20. May. 



