GRA 



GEA 



Where the stock aud scion disagree in 

 point of size, of course only one side can 

 touch, and great care should be taken in 

 this part of the operation; and, in the 

 case of a young scion on aix old tree, 

 some allowance must be made for the 

 ruggedness of the bark. The scion 

 being thus adjusted, the whole is bound 

 close, but not too tightly, with a shred of 

 bass mat, care being taken that the inner 

 barks coincide. The clay is now applied, 

 in order to keep the parts moist, and 

 some practitioners pile soil over the 

 grafted part, when near enough the 

 ground. In all the modes of grafting it 

 may here be observed, that tha chief 

 ground of success lies in, nicely jilting to- 

 gether some corresponding portions of the 

 inner lark of the scion and stock. 



2. Crown, called also Cleft or Wedge 

 Grafting. This is applied to various 

 plants as well as fruits, as, for instance, 

 the rose, cactuses, &c. Vines, also, are 

 frequently grafted by this mode. As in 

 whip grafting, it accelerates the union if 

 the bottom of the scion has a bud or two. 

 In the case of the vine, it is considered 

 necessary to let the stock grow a little 

 before grafting; care must betaken, how- 

 ever, to keep some growing portions on 

 the stock, above the graft, or severe 

 bleeding would ensue. As the name in- 

 dicates, a cleft, or division, is 

 made in the stock to receive 

 the scion, which is cut like a 

 wedge ; again taking care, in 

 case of inequality of size, to 

 make one side fit bark to bark. 

 When the scion and stock are 

 unequal in size, both sides of 

 the scion may be brought to fit 

 _ by cutting the cleft nearer to 

 one side of the crown than the other. 

 The wound is bound over, as in the other 

 processes, with bast, and covered over with 

 clay, or grafting- wax. The camellia suc- 

 ceeds well when grafted this way : even a 

 single bud will make a plant, provided 

 the stocks are kept in a damp and shady 

 atmosphere for a few weeks after graft- 

 ing. The stock here, also, should be 

 slightly in advance, that is, should be 

 forwarder in growing than the graft or 

 scion. The best time is just as the sap 

 is rising. 



3. Cleft Grafting, as represented in 

 this sketch, is only a kind of crown 

 grafting, and is practised on stocks 

 one or two inches in diameter, and, there- 



fore, too large for whip graft- 

 ing. Cut or saw off the head 

 of the stock in a sloping form ; 

 with a knife or chisel cleave 

 the stock at the top, making 

 the cleft about two inches deep ; 

 keep it open by leaving in the 

 chisel; cut the lower end of 

 the scion into the form of a 

 wedge, one inch and a half long, 

 and the side that is to be to- 

 wards the middle of the stock 

 sloped off to a fine edge ; place the bark 

 of the thickest side of the wedge-end of 

 the scion so as to correspond exactly with 

 the bark of the stock ; take away the 

 chisel, and then the sides of the stock 

 will pinch and hold fast the scion. Two 

 scions may be inserted, one on each side 

 of the cleft ; but in this case the top of 

 the stock must not be cut off sloping. 

 Bast and clay must be put on as in the 

 other modes of grafting, 

 4. Saddle Grafting. The top of the 

 stock is cut to a wedge shape, and 

 the scion or graft cleft up the mid- 

 dle, and placed astride on the 

 wedge of the stock; hence the 

 name. The binding and claying 

 are performed as in the other 

 modes, care being taken to make 

 at least one of the sides meet 

 bark to bark. 



A modification of this mode is 

 practised in some of our cider 

 counties, where they do not hesi- 

 tate to practise it in the middle of 

 summer, when the young wood has 

 become somewhat mature. The 

 scion is chosen smaller than the 

 stock, and is cleft about three 

 inches at the lower end, so that 

 one side is rather thicker than 

 the other. The rind of the 

 stock is then opened on one 

 side, and the thick side of the 

 scion introduced between the 

 bark and wood ; the thinner por- 

 tion is carried astride the stock, 

 and down the opposite side, a 

 slight cutting having been made 

 to receive it, on the principle of 

 making corresponding parts 

 meet. This, though tedious^ is 

 a very safe mode of grafting, in- 

 asmuch as it presents a greater 

 expanse of alburnum for effect- 

 ing the junction. 



5. Side Grafting. This, in 



