ICE 



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ICE 



J. corona'ria (crown-cowering'). 1. July. 1836. 



interme'dia (intermediate). 1. June. France. 



1823. Biennial. 



odora'ta (sweet-scented). 1. June. Crete. 1806. 



Tau'rica (Taurian). J. May. Caucasus. 1802. 



Biennial. 



umbella'ta (umbelled). 1. Purple. June. 



South Europe. 1596. 



viola'cea (violet). . Purple. June. 1/82. 



Virgi'nica (Virginian). June. N. Amer. 1836. 



GREENHOUSE EVERGREEN. 

 /. Gibralta'rica (Gibraltar). 1. Whitish-pink. 

 May. Gibraltar. 1732. 



HARDY EVERGREENS. 

 J. confe'rta (crowded). . June. Spain. 1827. 



contra'cta (contracted). . May. Spain. 1824. 



corifo'lia (coris-leaved). &. June. South 



Europe. 1739. 



Garrexia'na (Garrex's). . May. Piedmont. 



1820. 



pube'scens (downy). . Pale violet. June. 



pu'mila (dwarf). May. Sicily. 1828. 



saxa'tilis (rock). 3- May. South Europe. 1739. 



semperflo'rens (ever-flowering). 1. May. 



Sicily. 1679. 



sempervi'rens (evergreen), f. May.Candia.1731 . 



HARDY HERBACEOUS. 



2. Tenorea'na (Tenore's). %. Pale purple. June. 

 Naples. 1802. 



ICE. Mr. Beaton finds that the cheapest 

 and most effectual mode of preserving 

 this is in what he terms an Iceberg, and 

 it is thus constructed : Choose a natural 

 hollow for the sight of the iceberg, where 

 the bank on one side is steep, and let the 

 outside of the cone, when it is finished, 

 be at six feet from the bottom of the bank. 

 Some such space is necessary between 

 the bank and the ice, to get rid of any 

 rain or snow water that may run down 

 the bank before it gets to the ice. At the 

 bottom of the bank, and half way up, 

 pots are to be let into the ground in pairs, 

 four feet apart, and braced together with 

 a strong piece of timber set across, as 

 builders do their scaffolding ; letplanksfor 

 wheeling on be made into a long trough, 

 inclining from the top of the bank, and 

 resting on those cross pieces; the bottom 

 of the trough being carried out to near 

 the intended centre of the cone, and far 

 above it ; and the ice should be broken 

 on a platform of boards at the top of the 

 bank, and poured down the inclined 

 trough. The broken ice should be spread 

 a little by some one as it falls from the 

 spout, care being taken that the cone is 

 "brought up regularly ; and when the ice 

 reaches the height of the bottom of the 

 spout, the planks are to be re-arranged, 

 so as to allow room for throwing off the 

 ice as fast as it comes down; and, finally, 

 when the cone is finished into a sharp 

 point, the whole must be left till theirs/ 



frost after mild or thawing weather. The 

 outside of the iceberg lias then melted a 

 little; but on the first hard frosty night 

 the whole is frozen over again, and the 

 outside of the cone is then as if it were 

 one solid face of lagged ice; and now is 

 the time to thatch it entirely over with 

 good long straw, about the same thick- 

 ness as you would a wheat or barley 

 stack, and no more, provided you have 

 cheaper materials to give it a good thick 

 covering afterwards. At Shrubland Park 

 they use large quantities of leaves, and 

 nothing else, over the straw; these are 

 thrown on at intervals, so that the leaves 

 do not heat by putting too many on at 

 once. The depth of covering over the 

 straw is sometimes twice as much as in 

 other seasons, according to the quantity 

 of leaves on hand ; but two feet in thick- 

 ness does not preserve the ice better than 

 one foot. The ice is never uncovered by 

 high winds blowing off the leaves, though 

 nothing is put upon them to keep them 

 down. 



Perfect exemption from wet or damp 

 is necessary for the bottom of an iceberg ; 

 and a few pieces of rough wood, put upon 

 such a place, and covered with brush- 

 wood about a foot, and that again covered 

 with six inches of straw, is sufficient. 

 The brushwood and straw are soon com- 

 pressed into a few inches by the weight 

 of the ice ; and as the ice melts, the 

 water passes through, without hinderance, 

 into cross, open drains at the bottom. 

 When ice is required, the thatch is 

 opened at the bottom, each time, the ice 

 cut out with a pickaxe, and the thatch 

 replaced. 



If an Ice-house is built, Mr. Cobbett's 

 plan, as follows, is the Fi ?- * 

 best: Fig. 1 a is the ,*'rn f * 

 centre of a circle, the 

 diameter of which is ten 

 feet, and at this centre * a "* 

 you put up a post to \ *.,* 2 

 stand fifteen feet above , * ^ 

 the level of the ground, ' * * v 

 which post ought to be about ten inches 

 through at the bottom, and not much 

 smaller at the top. Great care must 

 be taken that this post be perfectly 

 perpendicular, for if not, the whole 

 building will be awry ; b b are fifteen 

 posts, nine feet high, and six inches 

 through at the bottom, without much 

 tapering towards the top. These posts 

 stand about two feet anart, reckoning 



.*./" 



